Fundamentals of Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy Administration
Hematologic cancer (blood cancer) - ANS-cancer that starts offevolved in bone marrow or
immune device cells.
-Ex: leukemia, lymphoma, more than one myeloma
Leukemia - ANScancer starts in blood-forming tissues like bone marrow
-reasons lots of atypical blood cells to be produced and input bloodstream
Lymphoma - ANS-cancer that begins in immune machine (WBC=lymphocytes)
-hodgkin and non-hodgkins
-B lymphocytes (B cells) - make antibodies (micro organism and viruses, most commonplace
lymphoma
-T lymphocytes (T cells) - enhance/slow immune, break germs and atypical cells
Hodgkin lymphoma - ANSReed-Sternberg cellular (cancer cells in classic)
-typically starts offevolved in B cells
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - ANS-big, various group of cancers in immune device cells
-indolent (sluggish growing) or competitive (speedy)
Myeloma - ANSCancer in plasma cells (WBC that produce antibodies)
Chemotherapy - ANSAll antineoplastic retailers used to treat most cancers, given thru oral
and parenteral routes or other routes as detailed within the standard, now not inclusive of
hormonal treatment plans.
Who can order chemotherapy? - ANSWritten and signed through licensed impartial
practitioners (MD/DO, PA, Oncology NP)
Can you use verbal orders for chemotherapy? - ANSNO! Only when conserving/preventing
admin.
Who can blend Chemotherapy? - ANSPharmacist, Pharmacy tech, MD/DO, qualified RN
Who can administer chemotherapy? - ANSRegistered Nurses with specialised training, prep
and schooling. See unique nation legal guidelines and statutes
How regularly is chemo competency reassessed> - ANSAnnual continuing ed and
competency evaluation is usually recommended
What is the dose verification technique? - ANS-verify plan with patient
- practitioners confirm: drug call, dose, volume, rate, course, expiration date, look
, -record verification in chart
What PPE is needed for IV Chemotherapy? - ANS-Gloves: pairs, HD tested
-Gown: disposable, returned closed, long sleeved
-Respirator: NIOSH permitted
-Eye & Face: face guard/mask
Neoadjuvant remedy (tumor burden) - ANSChemo BEFORE number one remedy
(commonplace in breast and colon)
Adjuvant remedy - ANSChemo AFTER number one remedy (not unusual in strong tumor)
Bone Marrow - ANSsoft, sponge-like tissue in middle of maximum bones, produce WBC,
RBC, and platelets.
Myelosuppression - ANSbone marrow interest is decreased, causing less RBC, WBC and
Platelets.
Myeloablation - ANSsevere myelosuppression
Induction phase - ANSinitial section, commonly in hospital, supposed myelosuppression
Consolidation segment (intensification/postremission remedy) - ANSafter a success
induction, kills cancer cells left in frame (ex radiation, stem cell transplant)
Synergy - ANSwhen one chemo drug allows some other work higher at the equal time
Complete response - ANSno identifiable most cancers gift for at least one month or longer
Partial reaction - ANSMeasurable tumor decreased with the aid of 50% for as a minimum
one month and not using a new tumors
Stable ailment - ANSTumor size decreased by way of less than 50% or less than 25%
increase in growth
Progressive ailment - ANStumor increase greater than 25% or new most cancers
What are the levels of the cellular cycle? - ANS-G1 segment
-S phase
-G2 section
-M section
What takes place in G1 phase? - ANSThe cell increases in length and prepares to duplicate
its DNA.
What do chemo capsules do to target S section? - ANSPrevent cell from making DNA and/or
RNA (replicating)
(ex: antifolates (methotrexate), antipyrimidines (5-fu), antipurines (hydroxyurea))
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