What is a community?
May be defined as people and the relationships that emerge among them as they develop and commonly share agencies, institutions or a physical environment
Members may be defined in terms of geography or a group who shares a common interest or focus (children attending school...
Cultural competence - ANSWER- Having awareness of ones own culture identity
and views about difference, and the ability to learn and build on the varying
cultural and community norms
Ethnocentrism - ANSWER- The belief that ones own cultural values, beliefs, and
behaviours are the best and preferred and most superior
Cultural bias - ANSWER- Belief that values of a certain culture must guide the
situation or decision
Trends that increase the urgency to address culturally sensitive health care -
ANSWER- 1. Diversity is more visible and more frequently encountered
2. Widening gaps in health outcomes for various cultural groups
Health Disparities - ANSWER- The lower quality care provided to minority
population even when access related factors are controlled
What is the first step towards cultural competence - ANSWER- Increasing
awareness
Race - ANSWER- The physical characteristics such as hair colour, skin colour,
body proportions. It denotes superiority and inferiority
Cultural racism - ANSWER- Prejudice by those with power against another racial,
religious, or social group, demeaning their culture and at times attempting to
change it, substitute it, or eradicate it
Marginalization - ANSWER- Process through which persons are peripheralized on
the basis of their identities, associations, experiences, and their environments
,Marginalized groups in Canada - ANSWER- Immigrants, Refugees, Aboriginal,
Homeless
Minority - ANSWER- Being disadvantaged, underprivileged, decimated against,
exploited, or disempowered in governing structures
Ethnicity - ANSWER- Refers to a social group having a common national or
cultural tradition
Culture - ANSWER- Any group of people where there are common values and
ways of thinking and acting that differ from those of another group
5 Essential elements of cultural competence - ANSWER- 1. Valuing cultural
diversity
2. Having the capacity for cultural self-assessment
3. Being conscious of the dynamics when cultures interact
4. Having institutionalized cultural knowledge
5. Developing adaptations in service delivery that reflect an understanding of
cultural diversity
The assumption of cultural competence - ANSWER- That competence transforms
knowledge and understanding into effective health care responses and
interventions
Levels of cultural competence - ANSWER- 1. Individual
2. Organizational
3. System level
4. Team level
Individual level of cultural competence - ANSWER- Underlying theme that health
care providers need to understand the issues and apply the knowledge in order
to enhance their own practice and help develop the profession
Organizational level of cultural competence - ANSWER- Focuses on systems
within the health care delivery processes and emphasizes the need for
organizational change by zeroing in on organizational structure, governance,
policy, and programs.
Goal of organizational level of cultural competence - ANSWER- To increase
access and capacity
, System level of cultural competence - ANSWER- Beyond health care organization.
Focusses on recruiting minority students to health professionals and examining
curriculum content
Team level of cultural competence - ANSWER- Creating an environment that
promotes healthy dialogue on differences by setting up mechanisms in the care
process allowing the exchange of diverse viewpoints and knowledge
Cultural blindness - ANSWER- Don't think diversity matters (blind to it)
Cultural destructiveness - ANSWER- Any action that negates, disparages, or
purges cultural practices different from their own
Cultural precompetence - ANSWER- The realization of weakness in working with
other cultures
Cultural incapacity - ANSWER- Unintentional cultural destructiveness with a
paternal attitude towards other groups
Cultural proficiency - ANSWER- Cultures are held in high esteem. Constant
development of new approaches and seeking to add to knowledge base
Everyday racism - ANSWER- Reflected in unconscious assumptions and
practices that systematically exclude individuals from particular events
Multiculturalism - ANSWER- A condition in which many cultures coexist in
society and maintain their cultural differences
Phases of multiculturalism - ANSWER- 1. cultural preservation
2. Group relations
3. Anti-racisms
4. Integration
Phase 1 of multiculturalism - ANSWER- Cultural preservation - Support for
cultural activities and for language and heritage education
Phase 2 of multiculturalism - ANSWER- Group relations - Recognition that
multiculturalism belonged to everyone, there was an increased call for cultural
sensitivity and those in the mainstream were encourages and understand and
respect the diverse cultural groups.
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