LOCAL ANESTHESIA FINAL EXAM REVIEW fully solved & updated (verified for accuracy)
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Course
Local Anesthesia
Institution
Local Anesthesia
How do local anesthetics block the nerve impulse from reaching the brain?
By permanently depolarizing the nerve cell membrane
By overwhelming influx of fluoride ions
By blocking sodium channels, thereby preventing nerve cell depolarization and impulse propagation
By causing massive neurotrans...
LOCAL ANESTHESIA
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
fully solved & updated
(verified for accuracy)
How do local anesthetics block the nerve impulse
from reaching the brain?
By permanently depolarizing the nerve cell
membrane
By overwhelming influx of fluoride ions
By blocking sodium channels, thereby preventing
nerve cell depolarization and impulse propagation
By causing massive neurotransmitter release
without uptake. - answer By blocking sodium
channels, thereby preventing nerve cell
depolarization and impulse propagation
How do local anesthetics stop working?
By diffusion of the local anesthetic molecules out
of the neuron
,By metabolism of the local anesthetic itself in the
liver
By reactivation of the chloride channels in the
neuronal cell nucleus
By enzymatic breakdown of the local anesthetic
within the neuron itself - answer By diffusion of the
local anesthetic molecules out of the neuron
In a sensory neuron, dendrites:
Conduct impulses away from the cell body.
Support metabolism of the neuron
Respond to stimulation produced in the tissues in
which they lie
Direct ion movement - answer Respond to
stimulation produced in the tissues in which they
lie
Why do local anesthetics not work well in infected
tissues?
,The lower the pH of infected tissue reduces the
number of available un-ionized local anesthetic
molecules to diffuse across the nerve cell
membrane
Pus in infected tissue chemically breaks down the
local anesthetic molecules
The highly basic environment of inflamed tissue
reduces the number of cationic molecules
necessary for the anesthetic to be actively
transported across the neuronal cell membrane
Leukocytes present in inflamed tissue physically
block sodium channels in the neuronal cell
membrane - answer The lower the pH of infected
tissue reduces the number of available un-ionized
local anesthetic molecules to diffuse across the
nerve cell membrane
Which statement is NOT true?
Myelinated nerves require a greater concentration
of anesthesia to be blocked than nonmyelinated
nerves.
Myelinated nerves require less time to be blocked
than nonmyelinated nerves.
, Smaller nerve fibers are the first to regain
sensation.
Smaller nerve fibers are blocked before larger
ones. - answer Myelinated nerves require less time
to be blocked than nonmyelinated nerves.
Saltatory conduction refers to
The diffusion of sodium chloride into the nerve cell
during impulse conduction
The transmission of nerve impulses along a
myelinated nerve fiber
The transmission of nerve impulses along a
nonmyelinated nerve fiber
The rapid sequence of changes in the membrane
potential - answer The transmission of nerve
impulses along a myelinated nerve fiber
Lower pKa indicates higher pH and means that
there are more bases available to cross over the
nerve membrane and more cations available to
bond to receptor sites.
True
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