NUR 245 Exam 1 (2) Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 245
Institution
NUR 245
What are Nociceptors - specialized nerve endings designed to detect painful sensations - they transmit sensations to the CNS
Which 2 primary sensory (afferent) fibers do the nociceptors carry pain signal to? - As and C fibers
What is neuropathic pain? Give examples - implies abnormal processing o...
NUR 245 Exam 1 (2) Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
What are Nociceptors ✅- specialized nerve endings designed to detect painful
sensations
- they transmit sensations to the CNS
Which 2 primary sensory (afferent) fibers do the nociceptors carry pain signal to? ✅-
As and C fibers
What is neuropathic pain? Give examples ✅- implies abnormal processing of pain
message
- difficult to assess and treat
- perceived long after site injury heals
- diabetes mellitus, herpes shingles (shingles), HIV/AIDS, sciatica, phantom limb pain,
MS, stroke, tumor, trigeminal neuralgia
What is visceral pain? Give examples ✅- originates from larger interior organs
- pain can stem from direct injury of organ or from stretching due to tumor, ischemia,
distention, or severe contraction
What is deep somatic pain? Give examples ✅comes from sources such as blood
vessels, joints, tendons, muscles, and bones
- injury may be from pressure trauma or ischemia
What is cutaneous pain? Give examples ✅- derived from skin surface and
subcutaneous tissues; injury is superficial
- sharp, burning sensation
What is referred pain? Give examples ✅- when pain originates from one place and is
felt in another
- both sites are innervated by the same nerve, making it difficult for brain to differentiate
point of origin
What is psychogenic pain? Give examples ✅- linking pain to a mental disorder
negates persons pain report
What is PQRST and OLD CARTS used to identify? ✅- pain
What does PQRST stand for? ✅- provocative (provoking) or palliative
- quality or quantity
- region or radiation
- severity
, - timing
What does OLD CARTS stand for? ✅- onset (acute vs. gradual)
- location
- duration
- characteristics
- aggravating factors
- relieving factors
- treatments (previously tried, dose/duration, why discontinued?)
- severity scale 0-10
What are objective signs of pain? ✅- grimacing
- increase pulse, blood pressure, rest rate
- difficulty concentrating or mild confusion
- guarding
- changes in posture
- nausea/vomiting
What tools are used to identify if an infant is in pain? ✅- NIPS (neonatal infant scale)
- CRIES (POSTOP pain in preterm and term neonates)
- FLACC (infants and young children up to age 3)
What does NIPS assess? ✅- pain in newborns
What does CRIES assess? ✅- examines physiologic and behavioral indicators on 3
point scale
What does FLACC assess? ✅- assesses 5 behaviors of pain (facial expression, leg
movement, activity level, cry, and consolability)
What is the Wong-Baker scale? ✅- pain rating scale used for children to show how
much pain they're in
- look like emojis (0-10)
What is the oucher scale? ✅- children face pain rating scale
- 0-5 scale of intensity
What pain scale do you use for patients with dementia? ✅- PAINAD
What does the PAINAD scale evaluate? ✅- 5 common behaviors
- Breathing, vocalization, facial expression, body language, and consolability
- Quantified behaviors in category 0 to 2
- Total score metric 0 to 10 Score of
- 4 or more requires treatment.
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