EXAM: Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final Exam Questions and Answers
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Course
Humber
Institution
Humber
EXAM: Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final
Exam Questions and Answers
sinus rhythm Correct Answer-regular rhythm
Set by SA node at 60 to 100 bpm
P waves normal
normal qrs
PR 0.12 - 0.2
normal qrs less than 0.10
EXAM: Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final
Exam Questions and Answers
sinus rhythm Correct Answer-regular rhythm
Set by SA node at 60 to 100 bpm
P waves normal
normal qrs
PR 0.12 - 0.2
normal qrs less than 0.10
wide qrs is Correct Answer-greater than 0.12
Sinus Tachycardia Correct Answer-100-160 bpm
SA node
reduced time for ventricle filling
assess for SOB or chest pain
a prolonged QT interval Correct Answer-more prone to arrhythmia
NSR reflects the heart's Correct Answer-normal electrical activity, providing
synchrony between the atria and the ventricles.
Sinus tachycardia occurs when the Correct Answer-sinus node discharges
impulses too fast (100 - 160 beats/minute). All other parameters are normal
Facts about sinus tachycardia Correct Answer-Normal response of heart in
certain circumstances (for example exercise)
, EXAM: Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final
Exam Questions and Answers
•Begins and ends gradually in contrast to other tachycardias
•Usually benign arrhythmia that goes away when underlying cause is treated
•Common causes: Anxiety, hypoxia, hypovolemia, hypotension, heart failure,
pain, drugs that increase sympathetic tone (epinephrine, norepinephrine,
dopamine, dobutamine, isoproterenol, nitroprusside), and drugs that decrease
parasympathetic tone (atropine)
•Persistent sinus tachycardia may result in decreased cardiac output due to a
decrease in stroke volume. Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A
decrease in either stroke volume or heart rate may result in a decrease in
cardiac output.
Sinus bradycardia occurs when Correct Answer-the sinus node discharges
impulses too slow (40 - 60 beats/minute). All other parameters are normal.
Sinus bradycardia features Correct Answer-regular rhythm, rate 40-60 bpm
Normal p waves
PR interval normal 0.12 to 0.2
QRS normal less than 0.1
Facts about sinus bradycardia Correct Answer-Normal response of heart in
certain circumstances (for example relaxation, sleep)
, EXAM: Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final
Exam Questions and Answers
•Most common arrhythmia associated with acute inferior wall myocardial
infarction
•Other causes: Reperfusion rhythm following myocardial reperfusion
procedures (thrombolytic administration, angioplasty); vagal stimulation; sleep
apnea; hyperkalemia; increased intracranial pressure; disease of SA node; and
administration of drugs, such as digitalis, calcium channel blockers, and beta
blockers
•Persistent bradycardia may result in decreased cardiac output due to a
decrease in heart rate. Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A decrease in
either stroke volume or heart rate may result in a decrease in cardiac output.
Treatment of sinus bradycardia Correct Answer-No treatment is necessary if
patient is asymptomatic.
•Symptomatic bradycardia is initially treated with oxygen and atropine IV push.
If unsuccessful, external pacing or transvenous pacing may be used.
•Chronic sinus bradycardia may require a permanent pacemaker.
Sinus arrhythmia occurs when Correct Answer-the sinus node discharges
impulses irregularly. The heart rate may be normal range or slow. All other
parameters are normal.
Sinus arrhythmia ECG features Correct Answer-irregular rhythm
rate normal or slow
, EXAM: Cardiology Nursing 1 Humber Final
Exam Questions and Answers
P waves normal
PR interval normal 0.12 to 0.20
QRS normal less than 0.1
Facts about sinus arrhythmia Correct Answer-Normal phenomenon usually
associated with phases of respiration (heart rate increases with inspiration and
decreases with expiration)
•Most commonly observed in infants, children, and young adults, although it
may occur in any age-group
•Frequently occurs along with sinus bradycardia, in which case it is usually
called sinus arrhythmia with a bradycardic rate
•Treatment: Does not require intervention unless accompanied by symptomatic
bradycardia (follow symptomatic bradycardia protocols)
Sinus pause Correct Answer-A broad term used to describe a sudden pause in
the basic rhythm with one or more missing beats; two rhythms fall under this
category:
Sinus arrest and Sinus exit block
sinus arrest Correct Answer-SA node fails to initiate impulse; represents a
problem with SA node automaticity; basic rhythm does not resume on time
following pause.
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