PNR 309 TEST 2 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
4 Types of MS Correct Answers RelapsingRemittingMS
(75%), PrimaryProgressiveMS (10%),
SecondaryProgressiveMS(10-20%), ProgressiveRelapsingMS
(5%)
A client has sought care because of a loss of 12 kg over the past
6 months, during which the client claims to have made no
significant dietary changes. Which of the following disorders is
a potential cause of the weight loss?
a)Thyroid disorders
b)Diabetes insipidus
c)Pituitary dysfunction
d)Parathyroid dysfunction Correct Answers A
A client reports having dry mouth and asks for some liquid to
drink. The nurse reasons that this symptom can most likely be
attributed to a common adverse effect of which of the following
medications?
a) Digoxin
b) Esomeprazole
c)Famotidine
d)Promethazine Correct Answers D - A common adverse effect
of promethazine, an antihistamine antiemetic agent, is dry
mouth; another is blurred vision.
,A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease has presented to
the emergency department with symptoms of severe abdominal
pain and a rigid, boardlike abdomen, prompting the health care
team to suspect a perforated ulcer. Which of the following
actions should the nurse anticipate?
a) Providing IV fluids and inserting a nasogastric tube
b) Administering oral bicarbonate and testing the client's gastric
pH level
c) Performing a fecal occult blood test and administering IV
calcium gluconate
d) Starting parenteral nutrition and placing the client in a high
Fowler's position Correct Answers A
A colectomy is scheduled for a client with an abdominal mass,
possible bowel obstruction, and a history of rectal polyps. The
nurse should plan to include which of the following prescribed
measures in the preoperative preparation of this client?
a) Instruction on irrigating a colostomy
b)Administration of an oral osmotic lavage
c)A high-fibre diet the day before surgery
d)Administration of IV antibiotics for bowel preparation
Correct Answers B
Acute abdo pain caused by: Correct Answers many
causes/disorders (need to be ruled out); Bowel sounds that are
diminished, absent, or hyperactive in a quadrant may indicate a
complete bowel obstruction, acute peritonitis, or paralytic ileus.
,ACUTE DM Complications (3) Correct Answers DKA,
HypERosmolar HypERglycemic syndrome (HHS),
hypoglycemia
After administering a dose of promethazine to a client with
nausea and vomiting, the nurse explains that which of the
following may be experienced as a common temporary adverse
effect of the medication?
a) Drowsiness
b) Reduced hearing
c) Sensation of falling
d) Photosensitivity Correct Answers A - promethazine also has
sedative and amnesic properties.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Correct Answers Also
known as Lou Gherig's disease, a rare progressive neurological
disorder characterized by loss of motor neurons and by
weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the hands, the forearms,
and the legs, spreading to involve most of the body and the face.
ALS usually leads to death within 2 to 6 years after diagnosis
Appendicitis Correct Answers inflammation of the appendix, a
narrow blind tube that extends from the inferior part of the
cecum.
Cause of hypOparathyroidism Correct Answers most common
cause is iatrogenic, which may include accidental removal of
parathyroid glands or damage to these glands during neck
surgery, other causes: genetics
, Causes of appendicitis: Correct Answers occlusion of the
appendiceal lumen by a fecalith (accumulated feces), intramural
thickening caused by hypergrowth of lymphoid tissue.
Causes of bowel obstruction (both types): Correct Answers
Carcinoma is the most common cause of large bowel
obstruction, followed by volvulus and diverticular disease.
Paralytic (adynamic) ileus (lack of intestinal peristalsis) is the
most common form of nonmechanical obstruction.
Causes of DKA Correct Answers Profound deficiency of
insulin characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, metabolic
acidosis, and dehydration.
It is most likely to occur in people with type 1 DM.
Causes of gall disease Correct Answers Cyctitis is commonly
associated with obstruction caused by gallstones or biliary
sludge, and occurs most commonly in older adults/patients with
trauma/extensive burns or have recently undergone surgery.
It can also occur as a result of prolonged immobility and fasting,
prolonged total parenteral nutrition, and DM.
Causes of GBS: Correct Answers etiology of this disorder is
unknown, but it is believed to be a cell-mediated immunological
reaction directed at the peripheral nerves.
It is typically preceded by either an upper respiratory (58%) (esp
mycoplasmic pneumonia) or a gastro-intestinal infection (22%)
(esp epstein barr virus, varicella-zoster)
Causes of goitres Correct Answers Grave's disease, not enough
iodine in diet
SOLUTIONS
4 Types of MS Correct Answers RelapsingRemittingMS
(75%), PrimaryProgressiveMS (10%),
SecondaryProgressiveMS(10-20%), ProgressiveRelapsingMS
(5%)
A client has sought care because of a loss of 12 kg over the past
6 months, during which the client claims to have made no
significant dietary changes. Which of the following disorders is
a potential cause of the weight loss?
a)Thyroid disorders
b)Diabetes insipidus
c)Pituitary dysfunction
d)Parathyroid dysfunction Correct Answers A
A client reports having dry mouth and asks for some liquid to
drink. The nurse reasons that this symptom can most likely be
attributed to a common adverse effect of which of the following
medications?
a) Digoxin
b) Esomeprazole
c)Famotidine
d)Promethazine Correct Answers D - A common adverse effect
of promethazine, an antihistamine antiemetic agent, is dry
mouth; another is blurred vision.
,A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease has presented to
the emergency department with symptoms of severe abdominal
pain and a rigid, boardlike abdomen, prompting the health care
team to suspect a perforated ulcer. Which of the following
actions should the nurse anticipate?
a) Providing IV fluids and inserting a nasogastric tube
b) Administering oral bicarbonate and testing the client's gastric
pH level
c) Performing a fecal occult blood test and administering IV
calcium gluconate
d) Starting parenteral nutrition and placing the client in a high
Fowler's position Correct Answers A
A colectomy is scheduled for a client with an abdominal mass,
possible bowel obstruction, and a history of rectal polyps. The
nurse should plan to include which of the following prescribed
measures in the preoperative preparation of this client?
a) Instruction on irrigating a colostomy
b)Administration of an oral osmotic lavage
c)A high-fibre diet the day before surgery
d)Administration of IV antibiotics for bowel preparation
Correct Answers B
Acute abdo pain caused by: Correct Answers many
causes/disorders (need to be ruled out); Bowel sounds that are
diminished, absent, or hyperactive in a quadrant may indicate a
complete bowel obstruction, acute peritonitis, or paralytic ileus.
,ACUTE DM Complications (3) Correct Answers DKA,
HypERosmolar HypERglycemic syndrome (HHS),
hypoglycemia
After administering a dose of promethazine to a client with
nausea and vomiting, the nurse explains that which of the
following may be experienced as a common temporary adverse
effect of the medication?
a) Drowsiness
b) Reduced hearing
c) Sensation of falling
d) Photosensitivity Correct Answers A - promethazine also has
sedative and amnesic properties.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Correct Answers Also
known as Lou Gherig's disease, a rare progressive neurological
disorder characterized by loss of motor neurons and by
weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the hands, the forearms,
and the legs, spreading to involve most of the body and the face.
ALS usually leads to death within 2 to 6 years after diagnosis
Appendicitis Correct Answers inflammation of the appendix, a
narrow blind tube that extends from the inferior part of the
cecum.
Cause of hypOparathyroidism Correct Answers most common
cause is iatrogenic, which may include accidental removal of
parathyroid glands or damage to these glands during neck
surgery, other causes: genetics
, Causes of appendicitis: Correct Answers occlusion of the
appendiceal lumen by a fecalith (accumulated feces), intramural
thickening caused by hypergrowth of lymphoid tissue.
Causes of bowel obstruction (both types): Correct Answers
Carcinoma is the most common cause of large bowel
obstruction, followed by volvulus and diverticular disease.
Paralytic (adynamic) ileus (lack of intestinal peristalsis) is the
most common form of nonmechanical obstruction.
Causes of DKA Correct Answers Profound deficiency of
insulin characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, metabolic
acidosis, and dehydration.
It is most likely to occur in people with type 1 DM.
Causes of gall disease Correct Answers Cyctitis is commonly
associated with obstruction caused by gallstones or biliary
sludge, and occurs most commonly in older adults/patients with
trauma/extensive burns or have recently undergone surgery.
It can also occur as a result of prolonged immobility and fasting,
prolonged total parenteral nutrition, and DM.
Causes of GBS: Correct Answers etiology of this disorder is
unknown, but it is believed to be a cell-mediated immunological
reaction directed at the peripheral nerves.
It is typically preceded by either an upper respiratory (58%) (esp
mycoplasmic pneumonia) or a gastro-intestinal infection (22%)
(esp epstein barr virus, varicella-zoster)
Causes of goitres Correct Answers Grave's disease, not enough
iodine in diet
