BLOCK 3 PMY 302 - DRUGS to KNOW exam with complete solutions
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Course
PMY 302
Institution
PMY 302
Somatropin Drug Class
Synthetic recombinant human growth hormone
Somatropin MOA
Identical in action and abilities like endogenous secreted GH (stimulating proliferation of bone growth plates and increased linear bone growth, promotion of protein synthesis throughout the body)
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BLOCK 3 PMY 302 - DRUGS to KNOW
xm with complete solutions
Somatropin Drug Class - ANSWER- Synthetic recombinant human growth
hormone
Somatropin MOA - ANSWER- Identical in action and abilities like endogenous
secreted GH (stimulating proliferation of bone growth plates and increased linear
bone growth, promotion of protein synthesis throughout the body)
Somatropin/Somatrem dosing - ANSWER- Daily dosing dependent and adjusted
to individual clinical response and IGF-1 levels
Somatropin/Somatrem pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- Following SC injection, 80%
of the drug will be systemically available
Somatropin/somatrem results and monitoring - ANSWER- Response to GH
therapy is measured every 3-6 months by height and bone age determinations
Somatropin/Somatrem Therapeutic use - ANSWER- Childhood Dwarfism/Growth
hormone deficiency disorders
Somatrem Drug class - ANSWER- Analog of GH; synthetic recombinant human
growth hormone with Extra amino acid noted in protein makeup
Somatrem MOA - ANSWER- Similar to somatropin
Octreotide Acetate and Lanreotide drug class - ANSWER- synthetic analogs of
somatostatin
Octreotide Acetate and Lanreotide MOA - ANSWER- acts identical to somatostatin
to directly inhibit GH release from the anterior pituitary which effectively
decreases circulating GH and IGF-1 levels
,Octreotide Acetate and Lanreotide Dosing - ANSWER- Long-acting depots allow
for once-a-month IM dosing due to gradual release formula (10-20 mg/4 weeks) T
½: 1-2 hours
Octreotide Acetate and Lanreotide Therapeutic effects - ANSWER- suppresses
GH hypersecretions, reduces pituitary adenoma overgrowth, and normalizing
levels of GH and IGF-1
Octreotide acetate/Lanreotide/Pegvisomant Use - ANSWER-
Acromegaly/Gigantism Tx
Pegvisomant Drug class - ANSWER- GH receptor antagonist
Pegvisomant MOA - ANSWER- Blocks actions of GH and reduces the levels of
circulating IGF-1
Pegvisomant Dosing - ANSWER- daily SubQ injections; increases dose until
serum IGF-1 levels are maintained to be within the age-appropriate/normal range
(usually within 12 months, pt. Will have normal or next to normal levels of IGF-1)
Pegvisomant drug structure - ANSWER- Extremely similar protein structure to GH
but acts as a receptor antagonist
Bromocriptine/Cabergoline drug class - ANSWER- Dopamine Receptor Agonists
Bromocriptine/Cabergoline MOA - ANSWER- Decreases prolactin production and
secretions by prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors; mimics the actions of
dopamine and causes inhibition of prolactin secretion
Bromocriptine/Cabergoline Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- Orally Active and
effective use in 80-85% of cases
Bromocriptine/Cabergoline Therapeutic effects - ANSWER- Reduces tumor size,
suppresses galactorrhea and restores normal ovulatory menstrual cycles
Bromocriptine special consideration - ANSWER- Longer track record of safety in
use and cheaper to produce (DOC/more commonly used)
Cabergoline special consideration - ANSWER- Has higher reported affinity for D2
receptors
, Desmopressin Drug Class - ANSWER- DDAVP/Vasopressin synthetic analog
Desmopressin MOA - ANSWER- activates V2 receptors in the kidney's collecting
ducts, reabsorbing water into plasma and concentrating the urine (prevents water
from leaving the body)
Desmopressin compared to ADH - ANSWER- Longer noted serum T ½ compared
to ADH (DDAVP t ½ = 75 min) (ADH t ½ = >10 min)
Desmopressin Structure - ANSWER- Almost identical to ADH except for D-Amino
acid in chemical chain sequence (ADH has L-Amino Acid) *NOTE: Has a greater
selectivity for V2 receptors compared to typical ADH*
Desmopressin Outcomes of DI - ANSWER- Excessive urine production controlled
with 0.1mg/3x daily
Desmopressin Outcomes of Nocturnal Enuresis - ANSWER- 4 months of Tx (0.2-
0.4mg/daily) will decrease average wet nights from 10/week to 6-7/2 weeks
Pitocin Drug class - ANSWER- Synthetic Oxytocin
Pitocin MOA - ANSWER- Stimulates uterine contractions during labor to strength
(typically used in induction/emergency scenarios if birth is taking an extremely
long time)
Pitocin Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER- Given IV at low doses; used in OB/GYN
practice
Hydrocortisone Drug class - ANSWER- glucocorticoid replacement therapy
Hydrocortisone MOA - ANSWER- mimics actions of cortisol (increasing
gluconeogenesis, protein, and lipid catabolism and body resistance response to
stress)
Hydrocortisone Use - ANSWER- replacement therapies for both adrenal
insufficiencies and anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive treatments
(Glucocorticoid of choice in replacement tx since adverse effects are minimized)
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