BESC 3020 EXAM 1 (Chapter 1-5)
1. Identify the major sources of knowledge. - Answer- a. Personal experience
b. Traditional or existing knowledge
c. Authority or expert
2. What kind of truth are we looking for in science and social research? - Answer- a. Relative
3. What are the major cau...
BESC 3020 EXAM 1 (Chapter 1-5)
1. Identify the major sources of knowledge. - Answer- a. Personal experience
b. Traditional or existing knowledge
c. Authority or expert
2. What kind of truth are we looking for in science and social research? - Answer- a.
Relative
3. What are the major causes of errors and biases? - Answer- a. Inaccurate
observations
b. Over generalizations
c. Selective observation
d. Illogical Reasoning
5. Define and find examples of independent and dependent variables. - Answer- a.
Independent- Cause
b. Dependent- Effect
c. Babies and accidents, drinking and drunkenness
6. How many values does a constant have? - Answer- a. 1. It is the opposite of a
variable
7. What does a theory refer to? - Answer- a. Theory are concepts that can be
measurable or immeasurable
8. What does social science research attempt to address? - Answer- a. Deals with
logical aspects of science, provides systematic explanations, whereas data collection
deals with observational aspects. There is no philosophy in social science research.
We find research through patterns. Explore, explain, and describe
9. Define and find examples of over-generalization. - Answer- a. The smaller the
sample size, the larger margin of error
12. What are the major purposes of social research? - Answer- a. To explore,
describe, and explain
13. What are the two pillars of science? - Answer- a. Logical and empirical evidence
15. Define and find examples of a variable and its attributes. - Answer- a. Attributes
describe a variable. Variable must be measurable either by numbers or categories
and has to constantly change.
Discrete - Answer- Has no number and has two or more logically related attributes or
categories (Occupation, gender, religion, race, and countries)
Continuous - Answer- May have many values, the value increases continually in tiny
fractions (age, income, height, weight)
, Qualitative - Answer- Non numerical data. Uses words to describe the data, uses
patterns.
Quantitative - Answer- Numerical data, only can be used for statistical research. Can
be replicated
Induction - Answer- We move from a particular to a general (snow is white wherever
you go)
Deduction - Answer- We move from a general to a particular (a white Christmas)
Idiographic - Answer- A single situation, and going into great detail. Very specific to a
person
Nomothetic - Answer- Explains a class of events, uses one or more explanatory
factors and only needs a partial explanation. Used in social sciences most
Identify the major sources of knowledge - Answer- 1. Personal experience - small
amount of knowledge comes from this. Direct personal experience.
2. Tradition/existing knowledge- stepping stone, knowledge inherited.
3. Authority/experts - judgement of person with expertise.
4. errors and biases
(PATE)
Do we look for absolute or relative truth? - Answer- relative truth
What are the major causes or error and biases? - Answer- 1. inaccurate
observations
2. over-generalization
3. selective observation
4. illogical reasoning
Differences between continuous and discrete variables? - Answer- discrete - two or
more logic attributes/categories
continuous - increases 'continuously'
Examples of continuous and discrete? - Answer- discrete - occupation, things in
categories, rank into categories, DATA IS ALWAYS DISCRETE
continuous - age, income, weight, time
Define Independent and dependent variables - Answer- The affected variable is the
dependent variable.
Example of independent and dependent variables - Answer- drinking and drunkness,
babies and accidents
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Freshy. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
