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Advanced Pharmacology 6521 Mid Term With Questions And 100% SURE ANSWERS
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JACKLINEAdvanced Pharmacology 6521 Mid Term With Questions And 100% SURE ANSWERS
Terms in this set (129)
Stops further occurrence of diarrhea. Notable medicines are Loperamide "Immodium",
Anti-diarrheals Diphenoxylate Hcl with Atropine "Lomotil", Bismuth subsalicylate "Pepto bismul"
Pepto s/e: black stools and tongue
Used to ease or stimulate defecation
Soften the stool
Increase stool volume
Laxatives
Hasten fecal passage through the intestine
Facilitate evacuation from the rectum
*Misuse comes from misconceptions of what constitutes normal bowel function
absorbs water, softening feces and increasing their mass. Can be digested by colonic bacteria,
Fiber Laxatives whose subsequent growth increases fecal mass. ex. Bran, veggies and fruits.
Meds: mehylcellulose, psyllium, polycarbophil
Advanced Pharmacology 6521 Mid Term
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Meds: Docusate sodium (Colace)
Docusate calcium (Surfak)
Surfactant Laxatives temporary treatment of constipation
* avoid if narrowing of intestines
Give with a full glass of water or juice
bisacodyl: (tablets: give at night to have BM in am , no crushing or chewing, no milk or
antacids;Suppositories: BM within 15-60 min, may cause proctitis);
senna: BM 6-12 hours after. May cause pink or brown urine.
Stimulant Laxatives castor oil: acts on small intestine 2-6 hour BM. Limit to only when prep for radiology procedures.
Chill and mix in juice.
* easily abused,
Give with a full glass of water.
Salts draw water into the intestine causing fecal mass to soften and swell stimulating peristalsis.
Low dose 6-12 hours, high dose 2-6 hours.
magnesium hydroxide,
magnesium citrate,
Osmotic Laxatives
polyethylene glycol,
lactulose (can be used to lower blood ammonia in liver disease)
* Increase fluid intake. Not good for kidney disease. Sodium phosphate exacerbates cardiac
disease.
Lubiprostone, mineral oil, glycerin suppository, polyethylene glycol- electrolyte solution, Sodium
Miscellaneous Laxatives
picosulfate / magnesium oxide/anhydrous citric acid
antiemetic a medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting
Zofran
Ondesetron Indication: Chemotherapy N/V, postoperative N/V, radiation induced N/V
Class: 5HT3 receptor antagonist Oral or Parental
* Prolonges QT interval (leading to torsades de pointes)
Glucocorticoids used as antiemetic Not approved by FDA. Solumedrol and dexamethasone. Given IV.
controls post-op NV
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
suppresses emesis and increases upper GI mobility
Cannabinoids Dronabinol (marinol) and Nabilone (cesamet). Suppresses CINV.
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