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Exam (elaborations)

CMP Exam One 2024 with Questions and 100% Correct Answers

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  • Course
  • CMP
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  • CMP

How do kidneys maintain water/electrolyte balance? - Answer retaining or excreting more water What is the major osmole in serum? - Answer sodium high serum glucose - Answer hyperglycemia high sodium in the serum - Answer hypernatremia dehydration

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  • September 2, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • CMP
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CMP Exam One 2024 with Questions and 100%
Correct Answers

How do kidneys maintain water/electrolyte balance? - Answer retaining or excreting
more water


What is the major osmole in serum? - Answer sodium


high serum glucose - Answer hyperglycemia


high sodium in the serum - Answer hypernatremia dehydration


High H2O loss via kidney due to lack of ADH anti diuretic hormone - Answer diabetes
insipidus


Disorders that cause high serum osmolality - Answer hyperglycemia
hypernatremic dehydration
toxins
diabetes insipidus
kidney disease


disorders that cause low serum osmolality and hyponatremia - Answer overhydration
hypothyroidism
SIADH

, disorder that cause excess ADH which retains water and causes reduced sodium -
Answer syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)


Causes of SIADH - Answer CNS: severe head trauma, large brain hemorrhage, tumors,
infections, psychosis
Endocrine
Lung: TB, pneumonia, lung cancer


In a diseased glomeruli that is leaky, what can that lead too? - Answer proteinuria


What does a healthy proximal tubule do? - Answer reabsorbs H2O, Na, Cl, glucose,
amino acids, bicarbonate


What is the function of the loop of henle? - Answer active Na/K pumps create
hypermolar interstitium of the renal medulla which is critical for water reabsorption
from the distal tubule and collecting ducts


function of juxtaglomerular apparatus - Answer senses and responds to renal perfusion
pressure and Na conc. in the afferent arteriole


When does JGA release renin? - Answer when renal perfusion pressure is low or Na
conc. is low


How does renin work? - Answer releases angiotensin, which releases aldosterone from
adrenal glands. Aldosterone increases Na reabsorption at distal renal tubule and
collecting duct

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