BIO 1050 Chapter 3 Quiz Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 1050
Institution
BIO 1050
What is an organic compound A carbon-based molecules that contains hydrogen Atoms
Hydrocarbons Organic compound only composed of hydrogen and carbon *rare* in living organisms but chains are found in regions
How many important chemical groups? Six; the first five are functional groups
Functional...
BIO 1050 Chapter 3 Quiz Questions and
Correct Answers
What is an organic compound ✅A carbon-based molecules that contains hydrogen
Atoms
Hydrocarbons ✅Organic compound only composed of hydrogen and carbon
*rare* in living organisms but chains are found in regions
How many important chemical groups? ✅Six; the first five are functional groups
Functional Groups ✅Specific configuration of atoms attached to carbon skeletons
involved in chemical reactions
Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate (hydrophilic)
Non-function chemical groups ✅Methyl (non polar and non reactive)
Hydroxyl group ✅Chemical group consists of oxygen bonded to hydrogen
Carbonyl group ✅Chemical group with carbon atom linked by double bond to oxygen
atom
Carboxyl group ✅Chemical group consists of carbon Adam double bonded to an
oxygen atom as well as hydroxyl group (acts as an acid)
Amino group ✅Chemical group consisting of nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen
Atoms (acts as a base)
Phosphate group ✅Chemical group consists of phosphorus atom bonded to 4 oxygen
Atoms
Methyl group ✅Chemical group consisting of carbon bonded to three hydrogen atoms
Which chemical groups do not contain carbon ✅Hydroxyl, amino, phosphate
Important molecules of all living things ✅carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Macromolecules ✅A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller
molecules (considered: carbs, proteins, nucleic acids)
Monomers ✅building blocks of polymers
, Polymers ✅Large molecule consists of identical/similar monomers
Dehydration reaction ✅Monomer—> Polymer; Two molecules become covalently
bonded with removal of water molecule
Hydrolysis ✅Polymer—> Monomer; Break bonds between two molecules by the
addition of water (digestion)
Suppose you eat cheese. What reactions occur for protein of cheese to be broken down
into amino acid monomers and converted into proteins? ✅In digestion , proteins
broken to amino acids by hydrolysis. New proteins form from monomers and
dehydration reactions
Glucose ✅Monosaccharide that serves as a *building block* for polysaccharide and
main fuel molecule for cellular work
Which molecules are considered isomers ✅Glucose and fructose
Disaccharide ✅Two monosaccharides linked by dehydration reaction. Most common=
sucrose(glucose linked w fructose)
_____ of daily calories should come from added sugar. Hight sugar consumption can
lead to____ ✅10%; cavities and obesity
Sugars are often described as "empty calories" What do you think that means from a
nutrition standpoint? ✅Added sugars provide energy but not other nutrients such as
proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals
Polysaccharides and 3 common types ✅Macromolecules and linked by dehydration
reactions
- starch, glycogen, cellulose
Compare and contrast starch and cellulose, 2 plant polysaccharide ✅Both polymers of
glucose, but bonds between glucose monomers are different shapes. Starch functions
for sugar storage. Cellulose is structural poly saccharide that is the main material of
plant cell walls
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