(Portage) BIOD151 Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology I Final Exam Guide .(Portage) BIOD151 Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology I Final Exam Guide .(Portage) BIOD151 Essential Human Anatomy & Physiology I Final Exam Guide .
,1. Which of the following structures is responsible for the exchange
of gases in the respiratory system?
A) Trachea
B) Bronchi
C) Alveoli
D) Pharynx
Correct Answer: C) Alveoli
Rationale: The alveoli are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where the
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs, making them
crucial for respiration.
2. During muscle contraction, which substance binds to myosin
heads, facilitating their attachment to actin filaments?
A) ATP
B) ADP
C) Calcium ions
D) Troponin
Correct Answer: A) ATP
, Rationale: ATP binds to myosin heads, causing a conformational
change that allows myosin to bind to actin, leading to muscle
contraction.
3. What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
A) Transporting nutrients to cells
B) Regulating body temperature
C) Maintaining fluid balance and protecting against infection
D) Producing hormones for metabolism
Correct Answer: C) Maintaining fluid balance and protecting
against infection
Rationale: The lymphatic system returns excess tissue fluid to the
bloodstream and provides immune cells to fight infection.
4. In the human heart, which valve prevents backflow of blood
from the left ventricle to the left atrium?
A) Tricuspid valve
B) Pulmonary valve
C) Mitral valve
D) Aortic valve
Correct Answer: C) Mitral valve
, Rationale: The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve,
prevents the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left
atrium when the ventricle contracts.
5. Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating voluntary
movements and maintaining balance and posture?
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Brainstem
D) Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: B) Cerebellum
Rationale: The cerebellum processes input from other areas of
the brain, spinal cord, and sensory receptors to provide precise
timing and appropriate patterns of skeletal muscle contraction.
6. What is the role of hemoglobin in the circulatory system?
A) Clotting blood
B) Defending against pathogens
C) Transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide
D) Regulating blood pressure
Correct Answer: C) Transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide
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