English Language A Level CLA Writing Questions & Complete Solutions
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Edexcel a level english literature question
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Edexcel A Level English Literature Question
De Saussure - Correct Answer 1959 speech and writing are two distinct and separate systems of signs
Bloomfield - Correct Answer expanded De Saussure
- writing isn't language but merely a way of recording language by means of visible marks
Chafe - Correct Answer Differences between speech...
English Language A Level CLA Writing
Questions & Complete Solutions
De Saussure - Correct Answer 1959 speech and writing are two distinct and separate
systems of signs
Bloomfield - Correct Answer expanded De Saussure
- writing isn't language but merely a way of recording language by means of visible
marks
Chafe - Correct Answer 1982-1985 Differences between speech and writing can be
classified as: integration and interaction
Integration - Correct Answer writing is more systematically complex, therefore it needs
a greater amount of time to process
Interaction - Correct Answer writing is more detached from other people whereas
speaking is all about interaction
Criticism of Chafe - Correct Answer technology isn't detached so may lack validity -
before the invention of social media and internet
Ascender - Correct Answer part of letter above the line
Descender - Correct Answer part of letter below the line
Cursive writing - Correct Answer joined up
Print - Correct Answer not joined up
Insertion - Correct Answer adding extra letters
Salient sounds - Correct Answer writing only the key sounds
Omission - Correct Answer leaving out letters
Substitution - Correct Answer substituting one letter for another
Over/undergeneralisation - Correct Answer overgeneralising a rule where it isn't
appropriate to apply it, or undergeneralising it to be only applied to one context
Transposition - Correct Answer reversing the correct order of letters in words
, Phonetic spelling - Correct Answer using sound awareness to guess letters and
combinations
Doubling consonants - Correct Answer e.g. breezzy, dissappeared
Vowel combinations - Correct Answer e.g. 'I comes before e', cieling
Rules with suffixes - Correct Answer e.g. living - liveing
Backward letters - Correct Answer b instead of d
Clay 1975 - Correct Answer written language is developed through play, experimenting
with imitation and drawing
Clay's Copying Principle - Correct Answer imitation or copying in a slow and laborious
way to establish the first units of printing behaviour
Clay's Flexibility Principle - Correct Answer children experiment with symbols by
creating new ones or decorating known ones
Clay's Recurring Principle - Correct Answer writing will be repeated to help establish
habitual response patterns to produce pleasant feelings of competence
Clay's Generating Principle - Correct Answer children use a few known symbols and
some rules they know in their own combinations to create new forms
Clay's Directional Principle - Correct Answer development of the patterns of left to right
and top to bottom is required
reversing - mirror writing suggests the need to learn more about body space in relation
to book pages
Clay's Page and Book Arrangement - Correct Answer child will often use up left-over
spaces with left-over utterances, ignoring directional principles
Clay's Message Concept - Correct Answer child realises that the messages they speak
can be written
Clay's Space Concept - Correct Answer a space is needed to signal the end of one
word or the start of another
Barclay's 7 stages of writing - Correct Answer 1. Scribbling
2. Mock-handwriting - resembles cursive
3. Mock-letters - separate
4. Conventional letters - a string of letters that are read as a sentence, usually write
name as first word
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