Campell Biology Chapter 2 Exam
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Matter - anything that takes up space and has mass
Element - a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into
simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
Compound - a substance consisting of two or more differ...
Matter ✔✔- anything that takes up space and has mass
Element ✔✔- a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into
simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
Compound ✔✔- a substance consisting of two or more different elements
combined in a fixed ratio. More common than pure elements.
Elements essential to life ✔✔- C, H, O, N (96%) - Ca, P, K, S, Na, Cl, Mg
(3.6% - trace elements)
Trace Elements ✔✔- required by an organism in only minute quantities.
(Ca, P, K, S, Na, Cl, Mg)
Food Additives ✔✔- Some trace elements are essential to life and are
added to foods. These may consist of - Iron, Iodine, Flourine, vitamens and
chemicals.
, Proton ✔✔- A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is
found in the nucleus of an atom
Electron ✔✔- A subatomic particle that has a negative charge
Neutron ✔✔- A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in
the nucleus of an atom
Nucleus ✔✔- Center of an atom - neutrons and electrons found here
Atomic Number ✔✔- the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Mass Number ✔✔- the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an
atomic nucleus
Atmoic Mass ✔✔- approximately equal to a element's mass number - sum
of protons and neutrons.
Isotopes ✔✔- Atoms with the same number of protons but different
numbers of neutrons. Only some isotopes are stable. Ex. Carbon - 12 has
6 neutrons, Carbon - 13 has 7 neutrons.
Radioactive Isotope ✔✔- An isotope whose nucleus decays spontaneously,
giving off particles and energy. Can help or harm us. Hurts living tissue,
can even be fatal - but can date fossils, and help with medical diagnosis
and treatment.
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