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Marine Science Final Exam Questions and Answers
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Marine Science Final Exam Questions and Answers
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Marine Science Final Exam Questionsand Answers
Which of the following conditions is necessary for natural selection to occur? - Answer -
More organisms are born than can survive.
The average female cod produces two million eggs in a single spawning; however, only
about 200 of the original two million cod survive to age one. When cod reach their
reproductive age of two to four years, only two of the original two million are still alive.
What can you conclude about the traits of the two cod that survived? - Answer -These
two fish have strong selective pressure.
In 1989, the Exxon Valdez spilled nearly 42,000,000 liters of oil into Prince William
Sound, Alaska. How would this spill be classified? - Answer -Abiotic environmental
Which of the definitions below best defines biomagnification? - Answer -A substance
that increases in concentration with trophic level
The following map of the Gulf of Mexico shows reported sightings of whale sharks.
What explanation best describes why the highest reported sightings occur near the
mouth of the Mississippi River? - Answer -Whale sharks are filter feeders, and this area
is rich in plankton due to runoff.
Why are shellfish populations often a good indicator of water quality? - Answer -Many
shellfish are filter feeders that absorb toxins from the water.
Which statement best describes how pollution can impact the apex predators of the
marine community? - Answer -The apex predators are impacted by pollution in the
environment because they are the top of the marine food chain, where accumulation of
pollution is quite great.
A marine biologist explains that the salmon adapts to its environment through descent
with modification. What is "descent with modification"? - Answer -A heritable trait can
cause one generation to be slightly different from another.
In the Galapagos islands, larger iguanas are more successful at reproducing and have
more offspring. How would the population change if larger body size also makes
iguanas more vulnerable to predatory birds? - Answer -The population would be more
, balanced between small, medium, and large body sizes because while larger iguanas
reproduce more, smaller iguanas avoid predators better.
What is overproduction? - Answer -The species produces more young than can be
supported by the ecosystem.
What animals would you likely find in this habitat?
swamp with lots of trees - Answer -Juvenile fish and shrimp
What prediction can be made about how the distribution of coral reef populations would
be affected if the oceans in which they live were to experience significantly more
cloudiness of the water? he coral population would decrease due to lack of sunlight. -
Answer -The coral population would decrease due to lack of sunlight.
The average female Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) produces two million eggs in a single
spawning. How does this relate to natural selection? - Answer -More organisms are
born than can survive.
In sea horses, the female inseminates the male by inserting her oviduct into the male
brooding pouch several times to ensure fertilization. After fertilization is complete, the
female departs and the male attaches himself to a nearby object, and waits for the eggs
to mature. How would this reproductive strategy ensure survival of the species? -
Answer -By protecting the fertilized eggs from predators
The shells of some marine snails are highly variable, with some snail shells being solid
colors and others having stripes. Predation by birds is a major source of mortality for the
snails. Scientists studying these snails found that while 47 percent of the snail
population was striped, 56 percent of the snails eaten by birds were striped. What could
scientists conclude about the snails? - Answer -Solid shell snail genes will increase in
the population.
The flesh-eating bacteria, Vibrio vulnificus, destroys healthy tissue. Infectious agents
such as this are best classified as what kind of environmental factor? - Answer -
Pathogenic
Between 1932 and 1968, a chemical factory in Japan released mercury-laden
wastewater into Minamata Bay. The mercury was modified to methylmercury by
bacteria living in bottom sediments. This resulted in severe mercury poisoning in over
2,000 people. Since people don't eat bottom sediments, what is the best explanation for
how toxic levels of mercury ended up in affected people? - Answer -Mercury
accumulated in higher concentrations as it passed through the food chain, resulting in
disease in the top-level consumers
Which of the definitions below best defines a mutation? - Answer -A change in a cell's
genetic material
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