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WKU NURS 337-001 EXAM 1: CHP 1, 2, 4, 5
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WKU NURS 337-001 EXAM 1: CHP 1, 2, 4, 5
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WKU NURS337-001 EXAM
1: CHP 1, 2, 4, 5
What are some of the historical perspectives of health before the 1940s - Answers --
health=absence of disease
- infectious diseases prominent
- physician: independent primary practitioner
- government: start public health/welfare
What are some of the historical perspectives of health from the 1940s-1950s - Answers
-- health=ability to fulfill roles
- physicals for fitness
- physicians linked to hospital services
- increased federal role: hospital expansion, federal programs
What are some of the historical perspectives of health from the 1960s to the present -
Answers -- health=adaptation and reaction to environment
- disease prevention/health promotion
- emphasis on individual responsibility/lifestyle choices
- advance practice nurses became health providers
- government: control costs
- quality of life seen as component of health: person/family perception important
(functional health)
- person centered care: holistic care with patient input
What is functional health/health related quality of life - Answers -self-rated health and
function related to quality of life
,People involved in health promotion must - Answers -consider the meaning of health for
themselves and for others
Recognizing the differences in the meaning of health can - Answers -clarify outcomes
and expectations in health promotion and enhance the quality of health care
The word health is used to describe different things including - Answers -- health
philosophy of care
- health system
- health practices
- health behaviors
- health costs
- health insurance
People's use of the term "health" and its incorporation into these various entities have
also - Answers -changed over time
What model and its objectives of health does the Healthy People 2030 based its
objectives on - Answers -social ecological model of health (SEMOH) and social
determinants
Social ecological model of health is a - Answers -comprehensive developmental
approach and is useful for promoting health at individual, family, community, and social
levels
Social ecological model of health emphasizes the interconnection between - Answers -
people and physical/social environments
In the SEMOH model, there is an emphasis placed on - Answers -quality of life where
quality is subjective as well as objective
The SEMOH model promotes health on multiple science based levels including -
Answers -- individual/family
- community/society
What is an important determinant of health - Answers -resiliency
What is resiliency - Answers -one's ability to deal with stress and trauma
What were the 4 goals from Healthy People 2020 that are now the building blocks for
the goals of Healthy People 2030 - Answers -1. Attain high quality, longer lives free of
preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death
2. Achieve health equality, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups
3. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
4. Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life
stages
,Research in a variety of areas has clearly indicated that health disparities are directly
and indirectly linked to - Answers -longevity and quality of life issues
What is so important/significant about the Healthy People 2030 goals - Answers -- will
be the first time a goal to engage leadership, constituents and the public has been
identified
- these parties/sectors had not been previously consulted in formulating policies to
foster health and well being
What is the clinical model of health - Answers -- health is viewed as the absence of s/s
of disease; prevention is not emphasized
- people who use this model may not seek preventive health services or they may wait
until they are very ill to seek care (not a lot of motivation for personal health
responsibilities)
The clinical model is the conventional model of - Answers -the discipline of medicine
What is an example of the clinical model - Answers -women waits to get a routine
mammogram because she is not experiencing any s/s, but because she waited and
never got any accurate screening done she became very ill one day, rushed to the
hospital, and diagnosed with stage 4 breast cancer (could have been prevented if
preventive measures were taken)
What is the role performance model of health - Answers -- health based on whether
person can perform societal roles
- role performance includes work, family, and social roles with performance based on
societal expectations
What are the basis for the role performance model of health - Answers -- occupational
health evaluations
- school physicals
- medically excused absences
What is illness according to the role performance model of health - Answers -failure to
perform roles at the level of others in society
What is a vital component of the role performance model - Answers -the idea of the
"sick role"
What is the idea of the "sick role" - Answers -- excuses people from performing their
social functions
- still relevant in health care today
What is the adaptive model of health - Answers -- health is measured as people's ability
to adjust/adapt positively to social, mental, and psychologic change
, - illness occurs when the person fails to adapt or becomes maladaptive to these
changes
- the aim of treatment is to restore the ability of the person to adapt
- the goal is to be able to maintain their personal and social stuff adequately and still
enjoy life
What is the eudaimonistic model of health - Answers -- embodies holistic view of
interactions and interrelationships with physical, social, psychological, and spiritual
aspects of life and the environment
- health is seen as exuberent well being
- the healthy person is self actualized and fulfilled
What are the basis for the eudaimonistic model of health - Answers -- emphasis on
interaction and interrelationships in multiple aspects of life
- people who follow this go to doctor, take meds, and do other things to improve their
health
- congruent with integrative modes of therapy
- address more comprehensive health needs
- compatible with complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)
What is functioning when it is related to health - Answers -- health requires the ability to
function
- functioning can be high level or low level
- physical, mental, and social levels of function (reflected in terms of performance and
social expectations)
The loss of function may be a sign of - Answers -- disease/health failure
- may need health care intervention
- ex: elderly experiencing decline in function may be a sentinel event for future loss and
death
What is disease - Answers -- failure of a persons adaptive mechanisms to counteract
stimuli and stresses adequately resulting in functional or structural disturbances
- this definition is an ecological concept of disease which uses multiple factors to
determine the cause of disease rather than describing a single cause (multifactorial
approach increases the chances of discovering multiple points of intervention to
improve health)
A person can have a disease without feeling - Answers -ill
What are some examples of diseases - Answers -- someone with high cholesterol
- someone with alcoholism
- someone with controlled diabetes
What is illness - Answers -a state in which a person's physical, emotional, intellectual,
psychological, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
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