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Chem 116 Final Exam with Questions & Correct Verified Answers
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Chem 116 Final Exam with Questions &Correct Verified Answers
Spontaneous at all temps - ✔✔- delta H, + delta S
nonspontaneous at all temps - ✔✔+ delta H, - delta S
spontaneous at low temps - ✔✔both delta H and S are -
spontaneous at high temps - ✔✔both delta H and S are +
First law of thermodynamics - ✔✔energy is conserved
Second Law of Thermodynamics - ✔✔for a spontaneous reaction the entropy of the
universe increases delta S>0
Third Law of thermodynamics - ✔✔the entropy of a perfect crystal @ 0K is zero
Delta H and Delta G at standard conditions are about the same when... - ✔✔there are no
phase changes in a reaction
Delta G and reaction rates? - ✔✔NO CORRELATION
If delta G standard is <0 than - ✔✔Keq >1 (favors products)
, if delta G at standard is > 0 - ✔✔Keq < 1 (favors reactants)
Standard conditions - ✔✔1 M, 1 atm, 298 K
Once a reaction has reached equilibrium... - ✔✔delta G standard cannot be changed
When K>Q than... - ✔✔delta G is less than 0, delta G standard cannot be figured out
When K<1...(more reactant is added) - ✔✔delta G is negative (prob. 21 exam III)
Factors that Affect the rate of the reaction: - ✔✔physical state of the reactants.
concentration of the reactants.
temperature of the reaction.
presence or absence of a catalyst.
(Collision energy, collision frequency, collision orientation)
In a rate expression... - ✔✔the products will be positive and the reactants will be negative
Intermediate - ✔✔is first produced, then used as a reactant
Catalyst - ✔✔CRP, reactant than product
First Order - ✔✔s^-1
Second Order - ✔✔M^-1 s^-1
Third Order - ✔✔M^-2 s^-1
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