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MEDSURG 2_ Endocrine 4 exam 4 EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS_.pdf
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9/2/24, 8:57 PMMEDSURG 2: Endocrine 4 exam 4
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (69)
what is the pituitary gland close to and what optic nerve
can be some signs and symptoms that may if there are tumors on the pituitary it can lead to vision changes from pushing up against
point to issues with the pituitary gland? the optic nerve
What's the size of the pituitary gland baked bean
bony prominence where the pituitary lies
sella turnicica
in gigantism it was pushed out and flattened from the pituitary growing larger
Where are hormones made? in the hypothalamus
What do you need to think of when you see steroids
ACTH?
growth hormone
thyroid stimulating hormone
what hormones are controlled by the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
anterior pituitary? gonadotropin (FSH, LH)
prolactin
melanocyte stimulating hormone
T or F: the anterior pituitary produces true
hormones
what hormones are stored and released by Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone)
posterior pituitary? Oxytocin
antidiuretic hormone/ ADH
vasopressin acts on kidneys to promote RE-absorption of water
(effects BP); helps control water balance
targets uterus and mammary glands to stimulate uterine contraction and release of
Oxytocin breast milk
-hormone of pregnancy
deficiency of one or more pituitary hormones
HYPOpituitarism
results in metabolic problems and sexual dysfunction
if only 1 pituitary hormone is decreased it is selective hypopituitarism
called?
MEDSURG 2: Endocrine 4 exam 4
1/5
, 9/2/24, 8:57 PM
if ALL pituitary hormones are decreased it is panhypopituitarism
called? rare
severe malnutrition, rapid weight loss (anorexia nervosa), shock, severe hypotenstion
-sheehan's syndrome- common cause of pituitary infarction, post partum hemorrhage,
what are some causes to hypopituitarism?
including long ago. Always follow up on this
-benign tumor or malignant pituitary tumors compress and destroy pituitary tissue
ACTH
TSH
what pituitary hormones can be affected by
gonadotropins
hypopituitarism?
GH
ADH
headache
loss of visual acuity
Clinical findings for hypopituitarism diplopia; double vision
blindness; due to pressure exerted on the dura and optic chiasm
disorders of the target organs
why would you have a headache with tumor on pituitary that grows and presses on optic nerve can cause temporal headache
hypopituitarism?
-TSH is low
if the target organ is the thyroid in
-hypothyroidism
hypopituitarism what happens?
-wt gain, fatigue, constipation, cold, dry brittle nails, cholesterol increases
-adrenal insufficiency
-steroids are low
if the target organ is the adrenal gland in
-blood sugar goes low, sodium and water excretion, retain potassium
hypopituitarism what happens?
-(hyponatremia, hyperkalemia)
-decrease in sugar, salt, and sex hormones
-stimulation testing
-CT; look at tumors
Hypopituitarism radiology/ laboratory
-MRI; look at tumors
-angiogram rule out aneurysm
going to stimulate one of these glands to produce a hormone to see if there is a
Stimulation test
problem with the pituitary
replacement of deficient hormones
androgen therapy for virilization-- gynecomastia can occur
what are interventions for hypopituitarism?
estrogen and progesterone
growth hormone for children
dwarfism
growth hormone deficiency -inhibits somatic growth in all cells of the body
-anterior pituitary*
well nourished with stunted growth-- may appear overweight or obese
how does a pt with dwarfism present?
-delayed sexual development
what test is required for diagnosis of GH stimulation test
dwarfism?
-surgical removal of tumor
what are treatment options for dwarfism
-replacement of GH- Somatropin SQ/IM
stop somatropin when epiphyses (Growth plates) are fused, monitor blood glucose
what are considerations with Somatropin?
because they can develop diabetes mellitus
2/5
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