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NUR 145- Fluid and Electrolytes Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Solvent Solution (fluid) Solute Particles dissolved in fluid Approximately _____% of typical adult body weight is fluid (water and electrolytes) 60 Fluid varies with Age, body fat, gender Intracellular fluid fluid within cells (70%) Extracellular fluid Fluid outside cells, 30%, includes intrav...

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  • September 3, 2024
  • 10
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • nur 145 fluid and electrolytes review questions a
  • approximately of typical adult body weight
  • fluid varies with age body fat gender

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  • NUR 145

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NUR 145- Fluid and Electrolytes Review
Questions and Correct Answers
Solvent ✅Solution (fluid)

Solute ✅Particles dissolved in fluid

Approximately _____% of typical adult body weight is fluid (water and electrolytes)
✅60

Fluid varies with ✅Age, body fat, gender

Intracellular fluid ✅fluid within cells (70%)

Extracellular fluid ✅Fluid outside cells, 30%, includes intravascular and interstitial
fluids

Extracellular fluid- intravascular (fluid within blood vessels) ✅Plasma, blood cells,
erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes

Extracellular fluid- interstitial (fluid that surrounds the cell) ✅Lymph

Extracellular fluid- transcellular ✅Cerebrospinal, pericardial, synovial, intraocular,
pleural, sweat, GI

If too much fluid moves from ICF to ECF, cellular ________ can occur ✅Dehydration

If too much fluid moves from ECF to ICF, cell _______ can occur ✅Swelling

Third-spacing ✅Loss of ECF into a space that does not contribute to equilibrium
between the ICF and the ECF

Examples of third-spacing ✅Ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and
angioedema

Daily I&O of water approximately _____ mL/day ✅2500

Urine output of _______ ✅1mL/kg/hour

Lungs lose _______ mL everyday ✅300

, Weight excellent indicator of overall fluid volume status (T/F) ✅True

1 L H20 = ✅1 kg (2.2lbs)

Children are at at risk for dehydration due to ✅-kidneys have less concentrating power
-increased metabolic rate
-increase in lean tissue
-increase in surface area/weight

Gerontologic considerations ✅-clinical manifestations of imbalance may be subtle
-fluid deficit may cause delirium
-decreased cardiac reserve
-reduced renal function
-dehydration is common
-age-related thinning of the skin and loss of strength and elasticity

Factors which increase the percentage of TBW include ✅Being a child

Homeostasis ✅The body tries to maintain a balance of fluid and solutes

When two different solutions are separated by a membrane that is semi-permeable;
fluid shifts from the region of _____ concentrated solution to a ______ concentrated
solution, until solutions are of equal concentration ✅Less; more

Osmolarity ✅Concentration of solutes per liter of solution

Osmolality ✅Concentration of solutes per kilogram of solution, often used for labs

Serum osmolality value ✅Greater than 290mOsm/kg

Urine osmolality value ✅200-800

Factors contributing to osmolality of the blood ✅Sodium, glucose, BUN greater than
25mg/dL

Normal serum osmolarity is 280. A reading of 330 mOsm/kg indicates that the ✅ECF is
concentrated

Osmolality (increases/decreases) with dehydration ✅Increases

Capillary forces ✅Two forces at every capillary membrane

Hydrostatic pressure ✅The pressure exerted by fluid on the walls of the blood vessel

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