CPE FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
nucleus - an atom's central region, which is made up of protons and neutrons
proton - a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus
of an atom
neutron - a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an
atom
electron - a subatomic particle that has a negative electric charge
ion - an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and
has a negative or positive charge
nonmetal - an element that conducts heat and electricity poorly and that does not form
positive ions in an electrolytic solution
atomic number - the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
valence electron - an electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and that
determines the atom's chemical properties
periodic law - the law that states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of
elements change periodically with the atomic numbers of the elements
period - in chemistry, a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table
group - a vertical column of elements in the periodic table
metalloid - ...
metal - an element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well
mass number - the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an
atom
isotope - an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same
element do but that has a different number of neutrons
ionic bond - a bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charges ions
metallic bond - a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions
and the electrons around them
covalent bond - a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
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