2024 PSW FINAL EXAM STUDY SET
WITH VALID AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Professionalism - CORRECT-ANSWERSan approach to work that demonstrates
respect for others, commitment, competence, and appropriate behaviours.
Professional Boundaries - CORRECT-ANSWERSAppropriate limitations on
behaviour, meant to protect the vulnerable client from the caregiver who has
access to private knowledge about him or her.
Holistic Care - CORRECT-ANSWERSConsidering the whole person.
Considering their physical, social, emotional, cognitive and spiritual
dimensions.
EFFECTS OF STROKE: - CORRECT-ANSWERS• hemiplegia - paralysis (plegia)
of one side (hemi) of the body; the right arm and leg or the left arm and leg
• weakness on one side of the body
• loss of facial muscle control
• changing emotions (the person may cry easily, sometimes for no apparent
reason)
• difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
• Dimmed vision or loss of vision
• Loss of ability to speak or understand others; aphasia
• changes in sight, touch, movement, and thought
• impaired memory
• urinary frequency, urgency, or incontinence
• aphasia - loss of speech
EFFECTS OF PARKINSONS DISEASE: - CORRECT-ANSWERS• tremors - often
start in one finger and spread to the whole arm; pill-rolling movements
(rubbing thumb and index finger) may occur and progress to tremors in legs,
jaws and face
• stiff muscles - stiffness in arms, legs, neck and trunk
• masklike expression - inability to blink or smile; a fixed stare is common
• slow movement - a slow, shuffling walk and inability to life the feet
• stooped posture and impaired balance - inability to walk, with increased
risk for falls.
• swallowing and chewing problems
,• constipation and bowel or bladder problems
• sleep disturbances
• depression
• dementia
• memory loss
• slow thinking
• emotional changes
• Speech changes - slurred speech, monotone or soft speech. Some may talk
too fast or repeat themselves.
tinnitus - CORRECT-ANSWERSringing in the ears
cataract - CORRECT-ANSWERSclouding of the eye's lens.
Virtigo - CORRECT-ANSWERSdizziness
Type 1 diabetes: - CORRECT-ANSWERSOccurs most often in children and
young adults but can occur at any age. The pancreas does not produce
insulin, leading to severe hyperglycemia. Symptoms develop early and daily
insulin injections are needed. It is sometimes called (IDDM) insulin-
dependent diabetes mellitus.
Type 2 diabetes: - CORRECT-ANSWERSUsually develops in adulthood but can
occur in children. It is the most common type of diabetes. Obesity and family
history are risk factors. Rick increases after 40 years of age. Hyperglycemia
is often mild enough that client may not notice the symptoms. Treatment
often consists of diet and exercise and oral medications. Insulin is sometimes
required. It is often referred to as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
(NIDDM)
Gestational diabetes - CORRECT-ANSWERSdevelops during pregnancy and
usually disappears after the baby is born. This increases the risk of type 2
diabetes later on in life.
Diabetes - CORRECT-ANSWERSis a disorder where the body cannot produce
or use insulin properly. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas
needed for the proper use of sugar.
More than 9 million Canadians live with diabetes or pre-diabetes.
Cancer - CORRECT-ANSWERSa group of diseases characterized by the out of
control cell division and growth, which can occur in many body systems. This
cell division leads to the development of a lump or mass of cells. This new
growth of abnormal cells is called a tumour.
HYPERGLYCEMIA (High Blood Sugar) - CORRECT-ANSWERSUndiagnosed
diabetes
,Not enough insulin or diabetes medication
Overeating, or eating the wrong kinds of foods
Too little exercise
Stress - physical or emotional
Tiredness or fatigue
Hunger
Thirst
Frequent urination
Leg cramps
Convulsions
Loss of consciousness Blurred vision
Dry, itchy skin
Flulike achiness
Sweet breath odour
Headache
Flushed face
Rapid, weak pulse
Low blood pressure
Slow, deep and laboured breathing
Confusion
Nausea and vomiting
HYPOGLYCEMIA (Low Blood Sugar) - CORRECT-ANSWERSToo much insulin or
diabetes medication
Omitting or delaying a meal or snack
Eating too little food
Too much exercise
Vomiting
Hunger
Weakness
Trembling, shakiness
Sweating
Headache
Dizziness Faintness
Irritability, anxiety
Confusion, disorientation
Rapid pulse
Low blood pressure
Rapid, shallow breathing
Changes in vision
Cold clammy skin
Unconsciousness
Convulsions
Benign - CORRECT-ANSWERSnoncancerous
, malignant - CORRECT-ANSWERScancerous
ANGINA PECTORIS: - CORRECT-ANSWERSchest (pectoris) pain (angina)
caused by ischemia, a lack of blood supply to the heart muscle, which is
usually caused by an obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries because
of coronary artery disease.
metastasis - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe spread of cancer to other body parts.
Cells break off tumours and travel to other body parts where new tumours
grow.
HEPATITIS - CORRECT-ANSWERSan inflammation of the liver.
Hepatitis A - CORRECT-ANSWERSspread by fecal oral route. Risk factors
include crowded living conditions, and poor sanitation and hygiene. While
providing care always wear gloves and follow standard practices. Practicing
hand hygiene is essential for everyone. Hepatitis A does not cause chronic
hepatitis.
Osteoporosis: - CORRECT-ANSWERSa bone disorder (osteo) in which the bone
becomes porous and brittle (porus.)
Hepatitis B: - CORRECT-ANSWERSpresent in an infected person's blood and
certain body fluids (semen and vaginal secretions) and can be spread
through sexual intercourse or by sharing needles etc. Always follow standard
practices.
Regulation of a PSW - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe PSW is an unregulated
profession. For an unregulated care provider there are clearly identified
services we provide under the supervision of the client, family member,
regulated health care provider or employer. There is no legislation to
regulate PSW's or an organization of professional college that governs the
role. There is no official code of ethics but they must adhere to the codes of
behaviour from their employer.
Regulated Health Professions Act - CORRECT-ANSWERSRegulated Health
Professions. In Ontario, regulated health professions are governed under the
Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991 (RHPA) and health profession Acts
(i.e., Medicine Act, 1991). This legislative framework establishes health
regulatory colleges, which regulate the professions in the public interest. i.e.
the college of nurses.
WITH VALID AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Professionalism - CORRECT-ANSWERSan approach to work that demonstrates
respect for others, commitment, competence, and appropriate behaviours.
Professional Boundaries - CORRECT-ANSWERSAppropriate limitations on
behaviour, meant to protect the vulnerable client from the caregiver who has
access to private knowledge about him or her.
Holistic Care - CORRECT-ANSWERSConsidering the whole person.
Considering their physical, social, emotional, cognitive and spiritual
dimensions.
EFFECTS OF STROKE: - CORRECT-ANSWERS• hemiplegia - paralysis (plegia)
of one side (hemi) of the body; the right arm and leg or the left arm and leg
• weakness on one side of the body
• loss of facial muscle control
• changing emotions (the person may cry easily, sometimes for no apparent
reason)
• difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
• Dimmed vision or loss of vision
• Loss of ability to speak or understand others; aphasia
• changes in sight, touch, movement, and thought
• impaired memory
• urinary frequency, urgency, or incontinence
• aphasia - loss of speech
EFFECTS OF PARKINSONS DISEASE: - CORRECT-ANSWERS• tremors - often
start in one finger and spread to the whole arm; pill-rolling movements
(rubbing thumb and index finger) may occur and progress to tremors in legs,
jaws and face
• stiff muscles - stiffness in arms, legs, neck and trunk
• masklike expression - inability to blink or smile; a fixed stare is common
• slow movement - a slow, shuffling walk and inability to life the feet
• stooped posture and impaired balance - inability to walk, with increased
risk for falls.
• swallowing and chewing problems
,• constipation and bowel or bladder problems
• sleep disturbances
• depression
• dementia
• memory loss
• slow thinking
• emotional changes
• Speech changes - slurred speech, monotone or soft speech. Some may talk
too fast or repeat themselves.
tinnitus - CORRECT-ANSWERSringing in the ears
cataract - CORRECT-ANSWERSclouding of the eye's lens.
Virtigo - CORRECT-ANSWERSdizziness
Type 1 diabetes: - CORRECT-ANSWERSOccurs most often in children and
young adults but can occur at any age. The pancreas does not produce
insulin, leading to severe hyperglycemia. Symptoms develop early and daily
insulin injections are needed. It is sometimes called (IDDM) insulin-
dependent diabetes mellitus.
Type 2 diabetes: - CORRECT-ANSWERSUsually develops in adulthood but can
occur in children. It is the most common type of diabetes. Obesity and family
history are risk factors. Rick increases after 40 years of age. Hyperglycemia
is often mild enough that client may not notice the symptoms. Treatment
often consists of diet and exercise and oral medications. Insulin is sometimes
required. It is often referred to as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
(NIDDM)
Gestational diabetes - CORRECT-ANSWERSdevelops during pregnancy and
usually disappears after the baby is born. This increases the risk of type 2
diabetes later on in life.
Diabetes - CORRECT-ANSWERSis a disorder where the body cannot produce
or use insulin properly. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas
needed for the proper use of sugar.
More than 9 million Canadians live with diabetes or pre-diabetes.
Cancer - CORRECT-ANSWERSa group of diseases characterized by the out of
control cell division and growth, which can occur in many body systems. This
cell division leads to the development of a lump or mass of cells. This new
growth of abnormal cells is called a tumour.
HYPERGLYCEMIA (High Blood Sugar) - CORRECT-ANSWERSUndiagnosed
diabetes
,Not enough insulin or diabetes medication
Overeating, or eating the wrong kinds of foods
Too little exercise
Stress - physical or emotional
Tiredness or fatigue
Hunger
Thirst
Frequent urination
Leg cramps
Convulsions
Loss of consciousness Blurred vision
Dry, itchy skin
Flulike achiness
Sweet breath odour
Headache
Flushed face
Rapid, weak pulse
Low blood pressure
Slow, deep and laboured breathing
Confusion
Nausea and vomiting
HYPOGLYCEMIA (Low Blood Sugar) - CORRECT-ANSWERSToo much insulin or
diabetes medication
Omitting or delaying a meal or snack
Eating too little food
Too much exercise
Vomiting
Hunger
Weakness
Trembling, shakiness
Sweating
Headache
Dizziness Faintness
Irritability, anxiety
Confusion, disorientation
Rapid pulse
Low blood pressure
Rapid, shallow breathing
Changes in vision
Cold clammy skin
Unconsciousness
Convulsions
Benign - CORRECT-ANSWERSnoncancerous
, malignant - CORRECT-ANSWERScancerous
ANGINA PECTORIS: - CORRECT-ANSWERSchest (pectoris) pain (angina)
caused by ischemia, a lack of blood supply to the heart muscle, which is
usually caused by an obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries because
of coronary artery disease.
metastasis - CORRECT-ANSWERSthe spread of cancer to other body parts.
Cells break off tumours and travel to other body parts where new tumours
grow.
HEPATITIS - CORRECT-ANSWERSan inflammation of the liver.
Hepatitis A - CORRECT-ANSWERSspread by fecal oral route. Risk factors
include crowded living conditions, and poor sanitation and hygiene. While
providing care always wear gloves and follow standard practices. Practicing
hand hygiene is essential for everyone. Hepatitis A does not cause chronic
hepatitis.
Osteoporosis: - CORRECT-ANSWERSa bone disorder (osteo) in which the bone
becomes porous and brittle (porus.)
Hepatitis B: - CORRECT-ANSWERSpresent in an infected person's blood and
certain body fluids (semen and vaginal secretions) and can be spread
through sexual intercourse or by sharing needles etc. Always follow standard
practices.
Regulation of a PSW - CORRECT-ANSWERSThe PSW is an unregulated
profession. For an unregulated care provider there are clearly identified
services we provide under the supervision of the client, family member,
regulated health care provider or employer. There is no legislation to
regulate PSW's or an organization of professional college that governs the
role. There is no official code of ethics but they must adhere to the codes of
behaviour from their employer.
Regulated Health Professions Act - CORRECT-ANSWERSRegulated Health
Professions. In Ontario, regulated health professions are governed under the
Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991 (RHPA) and health profession Acts
(i.e., Medicine Act, 1991). This legislative framework establishes health
regulatory colleges, which regulate the professions in the public interest. i.e.
the college of nurses.
