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NURS 325 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
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  • NUR 325
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  • NUR 325

PAD risk factors cigarette smoking Hyperlipidemia HTN Diabetes mellitus PAD lifestyle modifications smoking cessation, heart health diet, exercise - walking *risk factor reduction is an important part of treatment PAD clinical manifestions intermittent claudication, severe pain, pallor of foot w...

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  • September 3, 2024
  • 15
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • nurs 325 final exam questions and correct answers
  • pad risk factors cigarette smoking hyperlipidemia
  • pad lifestyle modifications smoking cessation he

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  • NUR 325
  • NUR 325

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NURS 325 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
PAD risk factors ✅cigarette smoking
Hyperlipidemia
HTN
Diabetes mellitus

PAD lifestyle modifications ✅smoking cessation, heart health diet, exercise - walking

*risk factor reduction is an important part of treatment

PAD clinical manifestions ✅intermittent claudication, severe pain, pallor of foot w/
elevation, pulselessness, paresthesia, thin/shiny/taut skin, pain at rest (advanced
disease)

Diagnosis: hx of, bruits, ankle-brachial-index, doppler

PAD medical care ✅*Administer vasodilators/anticoagulants
*IR - percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty w/ stent placement
*Sx - peripheral artery bypass (to bypass blood around lesion)
*CVD risk factor modification
*Treat claudication symptoms (exercise)

PAD pt teaching ✅*Teach pts methods to promote vasodilation
*Teach to avoid raising their legs above the level of the heart UNLESS venous stasis is
also present
*Provide written and oral instructions on foot care & methods to prevent injury and ulcer
development
*Encourage smoking cessation
*Limit dietary intake of fat and drink adequate fluids to prevent dehydration

PAD nursing management ✅After Sx - frequently monitor skin color/temp, capillary
refill, peripheral pulses distal to op-site, sensation and movement of extremity

Ambulatory/At home - manage risk factors, meticulous foot care, inspect feet daily,
gradually increase physical activity after sx


Focus on: -tissue perfusion
-pain relief
-exercise tolerance
-intact/healthy skin
-pt knowledge of disease and treatment plan

, Aspirin and Clopridogrel for PAD ✅low dose aspirin therapy
Clopidogrel for aspirin-intolerant patients
High risk pt may take combination aspirin-clopidogrel

VTE risk factors ✅Virchow's Triad:
Endothelial damage, hypercoaguability, venous stasis

Leads to thrombus formation

VTE lifestyle modifications ✅wear elastic compression stockings, smoking cessation,
avoid oral contraceptives and HRT

VTE clinical manifestations ✅unilateral leg edema, pain, sense of fullness,
paresthesias, warm, erythema, fever

**can be asymptomatic

VTE nursing care ✅-teach preventative measures and lifestyle modifications
-administer prescribed anticoagulants
-asses for PE and venous insufficiency
-assess pt diet/nutritional needs
-assess pt mobility status

VTE medical care ✅-encourage primary prevention
-early and aggressive mobilization
-drug therapy (anticoagulants {vitamin K antagonists; thrombin inhibitors; factor Xa
inhibitors})

VTE pt teaching ✅-increase mobility
-compression stockings
-medication use
-manifestations of PE and chronic venous insufficiency
-diet changes
-fall precautions
-smoking cessation
-avoid oral contraceptives/hormone replacement therapy

Pulmonary Embolism Clinical Manifestation ✅tachypnea
Dyspnea
Chest pain
V/q imbalances
Pulmonary infarction
Pulmonary HTN (when pulmonary artery pressure >25mmhg {normal is 10-14})
Decreased CO

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