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Functional Neuroanatomy
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Functional Neuroanatomy
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FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMYQUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
j Central nervous system - Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system - connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body
Somatic nervous system (PNS) - axons conveying messages from the sense organs to the CNS and from
the CNS to the muscles (voluntary movements)
Autonomic nervous system (PNS) - controls the heart, intestines, and other organs (involuntary
movements)
Sagittal plane - divides body into left and right
Coronal/frontal plane - divides body into front and back
Horizontal/transverse plane - divides the body into superior and inferior sections
Cranial nerves - 12 pairs of nerves that carry messages to and from the brain
Spinal nerves - 31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord
Dorsal root - the sensory branch of each spinal nerve (body to spinal cord)
Ventral root - motor info from spinal cord to muscles
Hydrocephalus - Obstructed flow of CSF that accumulates in the ventricles, increases pressure,
overgrown head
Spinal cord - Communicates with all sense organs. Each segment has a left/right motor/sensory nerve
Dorsal root ganglia - cell bodies of sensory neurons that for clusters outside the spinal cord
Grey matter - H shaped, packed with cell bodies and dendrites
White matter - myelinated axons
Spinal cord function - Sends sensory info to the brain, receives motor info from the brain
Autonomic nervous system - Neurons that receive info from/sends commands to the heart, intestines,
controls internal organs
Autonomic ganglia - group of neurons outside the CNS
Sympathetic nervous system - Fight or flight, prepares organs for bursts of activity, norepinephrine
Parasympathetic nervous system - Rest and digest, non emergent responses, acetylcholine
hindbrain components - medulla, pons, cerebellum
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