Piaget's stages of cognitive development Answer - 1. Sensorimotor
2. Preoperational
3. Concrete operational
4. Formal operational
Sensorimotor Stage (Piaget) Answer - - Infancy and early childhood (birth-2)
- Babies/children learn by responding to sensory input from environmental
stimuli with motor reactions.
- By interacting with the environment, they learn how it functions and ways to
affect it.
Preoperational Stage (Piaget) Answer - - Toddlerhood (2-7)
- Children think intuitively and cannot perform mental operations or follow
logical sequences
- They are egocentric, unable to see others physical or mental perspectives,
have animistic thinking attributing to human qualities to inanimate objects, and
magical thinking where they believe their thoughts/words/actions cause
external events
Concrete Operational Stage (Piaget) Answer - - Middle childhood (7-11)
- Children can think logically about concrete objects/events they can
see/touch/manipulate.
- They decentrate, can now conserve qualities despite shape or arrangement
, Formal Operational Stage (Piaget) Answer - - Preadolescents/adolescents (12+)
- Can perform mental operations without concrete objects/events and
understand abstract concepts like justice and ethics.
Freud's Theory of Psychosexual Development Answer - He believed that
procreation and death were the basic instincts driving human life.
Freud's personality structures Answer - 1. Id: Generates impulses; ex:
projection, rationalization, sublimation, etc. to protect self from threats
2. Ego: governs realistic self-preservation
3. Superego: provides a conscience
Oral Stage (Freud) Answer - - 0-18 months
- Centered on nursing
- Sustenance is a main issue
Anal Stage (Freud) Answer - - 18-36 months
- Centered on potty training
- Control is an issue
Phallic Stage (Freud) Answer - - 3-6 years
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