NURS 663 x
NURS 6635 MIDTERM-PMHNP NEWLY UPDATED EXAM ELABORATIONS
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS & EXPLANATIONS 2024
QUESTION 1 x
1. Select the neurotransmitter involved in obsessive-compulsive disorder
x x x x x x
x (OCD) in children and adolescents based on the common comorbidity of
x x x x x x x x x x
x tic disorders.
A Norepinephrine
x
x
B x
GABA
.
C x
Dopamine
.
D Acetylcholine x
Answer:
Dopamine
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is linked to defects in the cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC)
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circuitry, which may be linked to neurotransmitter dysregulation throughout this network. Serotonin,
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dopamine, glutamate, and -aminobutyric acid (GABA) are the main neurotransmitters throughout the
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CSTC.
x
Compulsive behaviors linked to OCD are likely the product of a related dopaminergic reward
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system dysfunction. Continuous ventral striatum activation may lead to an undirected expectation
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of reward. Anxiety and a desire to fill the gap are caused by unfulfilled expectations.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Step-by-Step explanation x
References
x
Richter, M. A., De Jesus, D. R., Hoppenbrouwers, S., Daigle, M., Deluce, J., Ravindran, L. N., ... &
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Daskalakis, Z. J. (2019). Evidence for cortical inhibitory and excitatory dysfunction in obsessive
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compulsive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology, 37(5), 1144-1151.
x x x x x
Pittenger, C., Krystal, J. H., & Coric, V. (2016). Glutamate-modulating drugs as novel
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pharmacotherapeutic agents in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. NeuroRx, 3(1), 69-81.
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1 points
x
QUESTION 2 x
1. Select the class of drugs most effective in treating pain disorder.
x x x x x x x x x x
A x
Opioid analgesics x
.
, B x TCA and SSRI
x x
. antidepressants
C x Beta-adrenergic
. blockers
D x
Mood stabilizers
x
.
Answer: x
,NURS 6635 MIDTERM-PMHNP NEWLY UPDATED EXAM ELABORATIONS
x x x x x x
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS & EXPLANATIONS 2024
x x x x x x
Opioids analgesics
x
, NURS 6635 MIDTERM-PMHNP NEWLY UPDATED EXAM ELABORATIONS
x x x x x x
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS & EXPLANATIONS 2024 x x x x x x
Opioid analgesics are drugs that function on opioid receptors that are used to alleviate pain. Weak
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opioid analgesics are often used to describe compound analgesics that combine acetaminophen with low
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levels of codeine or tramadol. Opioid analgesics, which include oxycodone, hydrocodone, and codeine,
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can be used to relieve mild to extreme acute pain.
x x x x x x x x x x
Opioids are medications that are chemically similar to, but more potent than, the body's own pain
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relievers (endorphins). They operate by binding to receptors on cells, primarily in the brain, spinal cord,
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
and gastrointestinal tract.
x x x
Step-by-Step explanation x
References
x
Andrieu, G., Amrouni, H., Robin, E., Carnaille, B., Wattier, J. M., Pattou, F., ... & Lebuffe, G. (2017).
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Analgesic efficacy of bilateral superficial cervical plexus block administered before thyroid surgery
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under general anaesthesia. British journal of anaesthesia, 99(4), 561-566.
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Mangione, M. P., & Crowley-Matoka, M. (2018). Improving pain management communication:
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how patients understand the terms "opioid" and "narcotic". Journal of general internal medicine, 23(9),
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1336.
x
1 pointsx
QUESTION 3 x
1. Select the most commonly occurring eating disorder.
x x x x x x
A x Anorexia
. nervosa
B x Bulimia
. nervosa
C x
Purging
.
D x
Binge
.
Answer:
A. Anorexia Nervosa
x x
Step-by-Step
x
explanation
x
Anorexia nervosa is one eating disorder that most people have heard of. People with anorexia often starve
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themselves in order to achieve an unattainable ideal of thinness. This condition, like many eating
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disorders, tends to affect more women than men.
x x x x x x x x
1 pointsx
QUESTION 4 x
1. Select the disorder in which inflicting injury to self or others is common.
x x x x x x x x x x x x
A x
Pain
.
