Public Health Final Exam
20th Century Development: U.S. Surgeon General - ANSWER-"Report on Smoking and
Health"
a component cause - ANSWER-can involve the presence of a causative exposure or
the lack of a preventive exposure
ACA: Basic provisions - ANSWER-Improves and emphasizes primary vre service
delivery
Eliminates lee-existing conditions
Extends coverage of young adults on their parents' health insurance until age 27
Extends Medicaid eligibility for low-income families
ACA: Main Principles - ANSWER-Stronger consumer rights and protections
More affordable coverage
Better access to care
Stronger Medicare
ACA: Provisions related to obesity - ANSWER-Calorie counts on chain restaurant
menus
No copay/cost for some services
Providers can bill for obesity conversations
People cannot be denied coverage for obesity related preexisting conditions or because
they've had a procedure for obesity
Investment in prevention
Employers can financially penalize employees who do not meet health goals AND are
not enrolled in wellness programs
Active Intervention - ANSWER-requires the active efforts of the person(s) at risk to be
effective ex. condom
Advocacy - ANSWER-involves activities aimed at advancing a cause or principle
(usually evidence or morally-based)
Age of Reason and Enlightenment - ANSWER-Birth of Modern Medicine
Edward Jenner (1796 cowpox experiment, coined term vaccine)
Alexander Fleming - ANSWER-Observed a mold growing in a petri dish containing a
culture of bacteria
Mold killed bacteria
He named it "penicilllin"
Ancient Greeks - ANSWER-Personal Hygiene (hand washing)
, Physcial fitness (olympics)
Naturalistic concept (disease caused by imbalance b/w man and his environment
Attributable Risk - ANSWER-(subtract/difference/excess)
Measures the Magnitude of the problem
The amount of the disease we can eliminate if we get rid of the exposure
Basic Public Health Measures - ANSWER-Incidence
Prevalence
Biological Plausibility - ANSWER-exactly how in the body the cause creates disease at
a cellular or molecular level
Cause - ANSWER-a factor that directly influences the occurrence of a disease
CDC: Director - ANSWER-Appointed by President, no confirmation required
Anne Schuchat
Certification - ANSWER-Helps to ensure that individuals in public health meet a national
set of standards beyond an academic degree
Competence - ANSWER-a higher level function requiring the integration and application
of the 3 educational objectives within a practice/real world context
comprehensive health care - ANSWER-all basic health care services are covered
Conceptual Framework: Haddon Phase Factor Matrix - ANSWER-Developed for Injury
Control
Organizes risks to help identify opportunities to intervene
Conceptual Framework: putting together the risk of data - ANSWER-A model or visual
representation of a process that facilitates hypothesis testing and problem solving
Organized and distills available data
Conveys a large amount of information quickly
Congruence with existing data - ANSWER-must match/be consistent with existing data
Core Competencies- PH Professionals - ANSWER-Consensus set of foundational skills
for the broad practice of public health, as define by the 10 Essential PH Services
Developed by Council on Linkages
8 Domains
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