Chapter 2 (pages 18-23) – Systems of the Body: CNS and Endocrine System
(2-4 questions on Test 2 come from Chapter 2)
The nervous system: responsible for the transmission of information from the brain to the rest of
the body and from the rest of the body to the brain
- TWO PARTS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
- central: brain and spinal cord
- peripheral: remaining neurons
- Voluntary: in control
- autonomic: involuntary, connects the CNS to all internal organs
- sympathetic versus: mobilizes the body for action
- parasympathetic branch: controls the activities of organ under normal circumstances
- restore body to normal state
HINDBRAIN & MIDBRAIN:
-Medulla: responsible for regulation of heart rates
-Pons:link between hindbrain and midbrain, control respiration
-Cerebellum: coordinates voluntary muscle movement, maintenance of muscle tone and posture
FORE BRAIN:
- hypothalamus: regulate cardiac function, BO, respiration, water balance, appetites,
including hunger and sexual desires
LIMBIC SYSTEM
hippocampus: detection of threat, emotionally charged memories
amygdala: feel emotions, fear
, Lobes of the brain:
- frontal: decision making, motor skills, problem solving, planning, attention
- parietal: organizing and interpreting sensory information
- occipital: reading and recognizing words, and vision
Epinephrine:
- secreted mainly by the medulla of the adrenal glands
- increase metabolic rate, HR, BP
- dilated blood vessels
- raises blood sugar
-
norepinephrine:
- mobilize the brain and body for action
Adrenal glands :
- located top of kidneys
- part of the endocrine system
- secrete several hormones:
- cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine
- adrenal medulla:
- secretion of catecholamines (epinephrine & norepinephrine)
- heart rate increases, heart capillaries dilate
- BP is diverted to muscle tissue
- breathing rate increases
- digestion slows down
- pupils dilate
- adrenal cortex:
- corticosteroids
- increases protein and fat mobiliztion
- increases access to bodily energy storage
- inhibits antibody formation and inflammation
- regulates sodium retention
- functions of each and how they are tied to the stress response, substances released by
each
Chapter 6 – Stress
(8-14 questions come from Chapter 6)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller anyiamgeorge19. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
