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BIO 156 Exam 3 Questions and Answers
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BIO 156 Exam 3 Questions and Answers
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BIO 156 Exam 3 Questions and AnswersWhat is the main purpose of the cell cycle? - Answer -To create 2 identical cells with
same DNA and organelles.
What are the stages of interphase? - Answer -G1, S, G2
What essentially happens during interphase? - Answer -Preparing for mitosis
What happens in the G1 phase? - Answer -Recovery from previous division, cell grows,
organelles double, accumulation of material for DNA synthesis
What happens during the S phase? - Answer -DNA gets replicated, replication of
chromatids
What happens during G2 phase? - Answer -Synthesize proteins for mitosis
What happens at the G1 check point? - Answer -p53 stopes cycle of DNA damaged
What does p53 do? - Answer -Triggers apoptosis
What is apoptosis? - Answer -Programmed cell death
What does the G2 check point do? - Answer -Stops if DNA not properly replicated
What does the M check point do? - Answer -Stops if chromosomes not properly
attached
Is apoptosis always bad? Why or why not? - Answer -No. Allows only a certain number
of cells in the body, and prevents tumor/cancer
What basically happens during the M phase? - Answer -Mitosis and cytokinesis
What does cytokinesis mean? - Answer -Cytoplasm division
What is a chromosome? - Answer -Highly coiled and condensed chromatids
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? - Answer -23 pairs
What are diploid cells? - Answer -all cells that are not sex cells
, If a cell is diploid what does that mean? - Answer -Two of each chromosomes present
What are haploid cells? - Answer -All sex cells (sperm and egg)
If a cell is haploid what does that mean? - Answer -Only one of each chromosome
present
What are the copied chromatids called? - Answer -Sister chromatids
What is the function of a centromere? - Answer -Attach sister chromatids
What is the function of a kinetochore? - Answer -mitotic spindles attach her to help
separate chromosomes
How does the cell prepare for mitosis? - Answer -Chromosomes and DNA duplicate,
centrosomes also duplicate so there is a pair of centrioles
How many states of mitosis are there? - Answer -5
List the phases of mitosis: - Answer -prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase,
telophase
What happens in prophase? - Answer -Nucleus disappears, nuclear envelope
disappears, spindles start to assemble, centrioles start to move to opposite sides
What happens in pro metaphase? - Answer -Kinetochores develop, spindles attach, at
opposite ends of the cell
What happens in metaphase? - Answer -Duplicated chromosomes line up in the middle
What happens in anaphase? - Answer -Sister chromatids pull apart and move away
towards centrioles
What happens in telophase? - Answer -Spindles disappear, nuclear envelop appears,
cleavage furrow develops
What do plants have instead of a cleavage furrow? - Answer -cell plate
How many parent cells are there and how many daughter cells after mitosis? - Answer -
1 parent and 2 daughter cells
What is/are the purpose(s) of mitosis? - Answer -Replication and stem cells
What is cancer? - Answer -uncontrolled cell growth
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