Exam (elaborations)
APEA ENDO TEST WITH QUESTIONS AND ALL ANSWERS PROVIDED
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APEA ENDO TEST WITH QUESTIONS AND ALL ANSWERS PROVIDED
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APEA ENDO TEST WITHQUESTIONS AND ALL
ANSWERS PROVIDED
Whenvpatientsvadministervregularvinsulinv(HumulinvRvU-
500),vtheyvshouldvbevtaught:v-vcorrectvanswer-10vunitsvofvHumulinvRvU-
500visvequalvtov10vunitsvonvavU-500vinsulinvsyringe.
Radioiodinevtherapyvisvsafevtovadministervto:v-vcorrectvanswer-Av30-year-
oldvmanvwhovdesiresvnaturalvfatherhood-
usedvtovtxvhyperthyroidismvandvdoesvnotvcausevinfantilityvorvbirthvdefectsvinvthevoffs
pringvofvtx'dvpts
AvptvwhovhasvAddison'svdiseasevhasvreceivedvavprescriptionvforvfludrocortisone.vFlu
drocortisonevactsvby:v-vcorrectvanswer-Regulatingvsaltvandvwatervbalance-
mineralocorticoidvindicatedvasvpartialvreplacementvtherapyvforvptsvwithvprimaryvorv2n
daryvadrenocorticalvinsufficiency
, MethimazolevforvthevtxvofvGraves'vdiseasevisvcontraindicatedvinvpts:v-
vcorrectvanswer-Whovarevpregnant-
canvcausevfetalvharmvwhenvadministered,vcanvreadilyvcrossvthevplacentalvmembran
es
Whichvofvthevfollowingvmedicationsvmayvcausevgynecomastia?v-vcorrectvanswer-
Enalaprilv(Vasotec)-ACEvinhibitorsvmayvcausevgynecomastia
Avptvisvstartedvonvavsulfonylureav(i.e.vglyburide).vThevNPvinformsvthevptvthatvsulfonyl
ureasvarevlikelyvto:v-vcorrectvanswer-Reducevmicrovascularvevents-alsovlowvinvcost
Disadvantages-producevhypoglycemiavandvcausevweightvgain
Thiazolidinedionev(TZD)vmedications:v-vcorrectvanswer-Increasevinsulinvsensitivity-
byvactingvonvadipose,vmusclev&vlivervtovincreasevglucosevutilizationvandvdecreasevgl
ucosevproduction
Ptsvtakingvdipeptidyl-peptidase-4v(DDP-
IV)vinhibitorsvforvthevtxvofvT2DMvdovNOTvroutinelyvneedvtovbevmonitoredvfor:v-
vcorrectvanswer-Weightvloss-
Januvia,vOnglyza,vTradjentavnotvlikelyvtovcausevweightvlossvorvweightvgain
ThevexpectedvhemoglobinvA1Vvreductionvforvptsvwhovarevstartedvonvdipeptidyl-
peptidase-4v(DDP-IV)vinhibitorsvsuchvasvsitagliptinv(Januvia)vis:v-vcorrectvanswer-
0.6%
DDP-IVvinhibitorsvsuchvasvalogliptinv(Nesina):v-vcorrectvanswer-
Suppressvglucagonvsecretionvandvincreasevinsulinvsecretionv
Sulfonylurea-stimulatevthevreleasevofvinsulinvfromvfunctioningvbetavcells
Biguanides-
decreasevhepaticvglucosevproduction,vdecreasevintestinalvabsorptionvofvglucose,van
dvimprovevinsulinvsensitivity
Priorvtovthevadminvofvmethimazolev(Tapazole)vthevNPvshouldvobtainvavbaseline:v-
vcorrectvanswer-CBC-txvforvhyperthyroidism,vCBCv&vlivervprofilevshouldvbevobtained
Avptvisvstartedvonvexenatidev(Byetta)vforvT2DM.vByettavshouldvbevd/c'dvifvthevptvexhi
bits:v-vcorrectvanswer-Persistentvabdvpain,vradiatingvtovthevback-
monitoredvforvsxvofvacutevpancreatitis
Sulfonylureasvsuchvasvglyburidev(Micronase)varevextensivelyvmetabolized:v-
vcorrectvanswer-Invthevliver-primarilyvbyvCYPv450
Av48-year-
oldvptvisvstartedvonvmetforminv(Glucophage)vforvT2DM.vThevmaximumvexpectedvhe
moglobinvA1Cvreductionvaftervinitiationvofvthisvmedicationvis:v-vcorrectvanswer-2%-
vusualvexpectedvdecreasevinvA1Cvisv1-2%
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