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TEST BANK FOR Mason Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 8th Edition
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TEST BANK FOR Mason Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 8th Edition
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TEST BANK FORz z
Mason Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 8th Edition
z z z z z z z z z z
Chapter 01: Introduction
z z
MULTIPLEzCHOICE
1. Whichzofzthezfollowingziszanzexamplezofztertiaryzprevention?
a. Vaccinationzforzrotaviruszforzchildrenz youngerzthanzthezagezofz1zyear
b. Surgicalzamputationzofzanzextremityzwithzosteosarcomaz(bonezcancer)
c. Screeningzforzgestationalzdiabeteszafterz24zweekszofzpregnancy
d. Sexualzeducationzprogramzinzelementaryzschools
e. Increasingztaxeszforzbuyingzcigarettesz
ANS:zB
Surgicalzamputationzofzanzextremityzwithzosteosarcomaz(bonezcancer)ziszanzexamplezinzwhichz
whenzazdiseaseziszpresentztheztreatmentz(amputation)ziszdoneztozreducezthezimpactzofzdiseasezby
zpreventingztheztumorzfromzdissemination.zVaccinationzforzrotaviruszforzchildrenz youngerzthanz
thezagezofz1zyear,zsexualzeducationzprogramzinzelementaryzschools,zandzincreasingztaxeszforzbu
yingzcigaretteszrepresentzexampleszofzprimaryzprevention.zScreeningzforzgestationalzdiabeteszaf
terz24zweekszofzpregnancyziszanzexamplezofzsecondaryzprevention.
2. Thiszhistoriczcharacterzobservedzthatzchildbedzfeverzmortalityzwaszmorezcommonzamongz
womenztreatedzbyzphysicianszandzmedicalzstudentszcomparedzwithzwomenztreatedzbyzmidwi
ves.zBasedzonzhiszobservations,zhezimplementedzazhandzwashzpolicyzthatzresultedzinzazdecrea
sezinzmortality.zNamezthezcharacterzthatzwezareztalkingzabout.
a. JohnzSnow
b. EdwardzJenner
c. D.A.zHenderson
d. LeonzGordis
e. IgnazzSemmelweisz
ANS:zE
IgnazzSemmelweiszidentifiedzthatzmedicalzstudentszandzphysiciansztransmittedzthezdiseasezbyz
notzwashingztheirzhandszafterzexaminingzbodieszatzautopsieszandzconductingzmultiplezexamina
tionszinzthezclinic.
3. ThanksztozthezcontributionszofzEdwardzJenner,zthezfollowingzdiseasezwaszeradicatedzlaterz
byzeffortszorganizedzbyzD.A.zHenderson:
a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika
,Test Bank 1-2
ANS:zB
Smallpoxzwaszeradicatedzinz1980.zEdwardzJennerzvaccinatedzJameszPhippszinz1796zagainstz
smallpox.zAlmostz200zyearszlater,zthezWorldzHealthzOrganizationz(WHO)zcommissioned
D.A.zHendersonztozleadzthezeffortsztozeradicatezthezdisease.
4. Overzthezpastzcentury,zazmarkedzdeclinezinzthezmortalityzrateszofzmanyzinfectiouszdiseasesz
haszbeenzobserved.zWhichzofzthezfollowingziszthezmostzlikelyzreasonzforzthezobservedzdeclinezi
nzmortalityzrateszfromzcommonzinfectiouszdiseases?
a. Developmentzofzpenicillin
b. Developmentzofzinsulin
c. Developmentzofzvaccines
d. Improvementzinzsocialzconditions
e. Worsezsanitationzandzunsafezwaterz
ANS:zD
Althoughzmedicalztreatmentszpotentiallyzhelpedzinzthezdecreasezofzinfectiouszdiseases,ztheza
dvancementzinzsocialzconditionszplayedzazmajorzrole.zThesezimprovementszincludezbetterzsa
nitation,zsafezdisposalzofzwaste,zbetterznutrition,zandzimprovementzinzhousingzconditions.
Chapterz02:zThezDynamicszofzDiseasezTransmission
TestzBankzMULTIPL
EzCHOICE
1. Whichztermzmostzaccuratelyzdescribeszthezfollowingzdefinition?z“Thezoccurrencezinzazcom
munityzorzregionzofzcaseszofzanzillness,zspecificzhealth-relatedzbehavior,zorzotherzhealth-
zrelatedzeventszclearlyzinzexcesszofznormalzexpectancy.”z[PortazM,zed.zAzDictionaryzofzEpide
miology.zNewzYork:zOxfordzUniversityzPress;z2014.]
a. Endemic
b. Epidemic
c. Pandemic
d. Attackzrate
e. Incubationzperiodz
ANS:zB
Anzepidemicziszthezoccurrencezofzhealth-
relatedzeventszinzazcommunityzorzregion,zinzclearzexcesszofznormalzexpectation.zEndemicziszno
tztruezbecausezitziszdefinedzaszthezconstantzoccurrencezofzazdisease,zdisorder,zorznoxiouszinfect
iouszagentzinzazgeographiczareazorzpopulationzgroup.zPandemiczisznotztruezbecausezitziszdefine
dzaszanzepidemiczoccurringzoverzazveryzwidezarea,zcrossingzinternationalzboundaries,zandzusu
allyzaffectingzazlargeznumberzof
Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
,Test Bank 1-3
people.zAttackzratezisznotztruezbecausezitziszdefinedzasznumberzofzpeoplezatzriskzinzwhomzazce
rtainzillnesszdevelopszoverztotalznumberzofzpeoplezatzrisk.zIncubationzperiodzisznotztruezbecau
sezitziszthezintervalzfromzreceiptzofzinfectionztoztheztimezofzonsetzofzclinicalzillnessz(thezonsetzo
fzrecognizablezsymptoms).
2. Whatziszthezmostzaccuratezdefinitionzofzthezincubationzperiodz(ofzanzinfectiouszdisease)?
a. Theztimezofzonsetzofzclinicalzillnesszorzthezonsetzofzrecognizablezsymptoms
b. Thezintervalzfromzreceiptzofzinfectionztoztheztimezofzonsetzofzclinicalzillnessz(thezonsetzofzr
ecognizablezsymptoms)
c. Theztimezofzinvasionzbyzanzinfectiouszagent
d. Theztimezbetweenzinitiationzofzinfectionzandzfirstzsheddingzorzexcretionzofzthezagent
e. Thezperiodzbetweenzexposurezandzthezonsetzofzinfectiousnessz
ANS:zB
Thezincubationzperiodziszdefinedzaszthezintervalzfromzreceiptzofzinfectionztoztheztimezofzonsetzo
fzclinicalzillnessz(thezonsetzofzrecognizablezsymptoms);zinzotherzwords,ztheztimezbetweenzthezm
omentzofzdevelopingzsymptomszandzthezmomentzofzinvasionzbyzanzinfectiouszagent.z“Theztime
zofzonsetzofzclinicalzillnesszorzthezonsetzofzrecognizablezsymptoms”zisznotztruezaszitzcorrespond
sztoz“timezofzonset.”z“Theztimezofzinvasionzbyzanzinfectiouszagent”zisznotztruezaszitzcorrespondsz
toz“timezofzinfection.”z“Theztimezbetweenzinitiationzofzinfectionzandzfirstzsheddingzorzexcretio
nzofzthezagent”zandz“Thezperiodzbetweenzexposurezandzthezonsetzofzinfectiousness”zareznotztru
ezasztheyzcorrespondztozthezlatentzperiod.z(Thezlatentzperiodziszfocusingzonzthezonsetzofzinfectio
usness,zbutzthezincubationzperiodziszfocusingzonzthezonsetzofzthezsymptom.)
3. TherezwaszazfoodzpoisoningzoutbreakzonzAprilz1,z2018,zatzthezCityzZzFoodzSafetyzConferenc
e.zTherezwerez1,000zpeoplezregisteredzforzthezconferencezwithzluncheon,z100zvolunteersztozhos
tzattendees,zandz50zpeoplezwhozservedzthezluncheonzduringzthezconference.zExceptzforz50zpeop
lezwhozservedzthezfood,zallzofzthezparticipantszandzvolunteerszatezthezfoodzfromzthezluncheonzatz
thezconferencezonzAprilz1,z2018.zBasedzonlyzonzthezinformationzgivenzinzthiszquestion,zhowzma
nyzpeoplezarezatzriskzinzthiszfoodzpoisoningzoutbreak?
a.z1,000
b.z1,100
c.z1,150
d.z150
e.z50zA
NS:zB
Peoplezatzriskzinzthiszoutbreakzarezpeoplezwhozwerezexposedztozthezfoodzatzthezconference.zEv
enzthoughz1,150zpeoplezwerezatzthezconference,z50zpeoplezwhozservedzthezfoodzdidznotzeatzthez
food.zThereforezwezhaveztozexcludezthosez50zpeople.
4. TherezwaszazfoodzpoisoningzoutbreakzonzAprilz1,z2018,zatzthezCityzZzFoodzSafetyzConfere
nce.zTherezwerez1,000zpeoplezregisteredzforzthezconferencezwithzluncheon,z100zvolunteersztoz
hostzattendees,zandz50zpeoplezwhozservedzthezluncheonzduringzthezconference.zExceptzforz50z
peoplezwhozservedzthezfood,zallzofzthezparticipantszandzvolunteerszatezthezfood
Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
, Test Bank 1-4
fromzthezluncheonzatzthezconferencezonzAprilz1,z2018.zAfterzanzinitialzoutbreakzofzfoodzpoison
ingziszreported,zanzepidemiologistzsendszsurveysztozallzpeoplezatzriskztozinvestigatezthezcause.z
However,zonlyz900zpeoplezamongzthosezatzriskzanswerzthezsurvey.zAfterzanalysiszofz900zsurve
yzresults,zthezepidemiologistzconcludeszthatzthezmostzsuspectedzfoodszinzthezoutbreakzarezpepp
eronizpizzazandzmeatballzspaghetti.zWhatziszthezoverallzattackzratezforzthosezwhozatezmeatballzs
paghetti?zUsezthezfollowingztableztozanswerzthezquestion.
SummaryzofzSurveyzResponses
Numberzofzpeoplezwhozdevel Numberzofzpeoplezwhozatezthez
opedzthezcasezdefinitionzsymp food
toms
Pepperonizpizzazonly 113 275
Meatballzspaghettizonly 62 375
Bothzpepperonizpizzazandz 57 150
meatballzspaghetti
Neitherzofzpepperonizpizzazorz 10 100
meatballzspaghetti
a.z41%
b.z38%
c.z27%
d.z40%
e.z23%z
ANS:zE
Tozcalculatezthezfood-
specificzattackzrate,zwezneedztozdefinezhowzmanyzpeoplezarezexposedztozthezspecificzfoodzandzh
owzmanyzpeoplezdevelopzthezsymptomszinzthezcasezdefinition.zInzthiszquestion,zwezarezaskingz
aboutz“overall”zattackzratezinzthosezpeoplezwhozatezmeatballzspaghetti,zsozwezhaveztozaddz“mea
tballzspaghettizonly”zandz“bothzpepperonizpizzazandzmeatballzspaghetti”ztozgetzthezoverallzrate.
zWhichzisz525z(375zplusz150),zwhozarezatzriskzofzexposure,zandz119z(62zplusz57),zwhozdevelop
edzthezsymptoms,zcorrespondingztoz23%zofzattackzrate.
5. TherezwaszazfoodzpoisoningzoutbreakzonzAprilz1,z2018,zatzthezCityzZzFoodzSafetyzConfere
nce.zTherezwerez1,000zpeoplezregisteredzforzthezconferencezwithzluncheon,z100zvolunteersztoz
hostzattendees,zandz50zpeoplezwhozservedzthezluncheonzduringzthezconference.zExceptzforz50z
peoplezwhozservedzthezfood,zallzofzthezparticipantszandzvolunteerszatezthezfoodzfromzthezlunch
eonzatzthezconferencezonzAprilz1,z2018.zAfterzanzinitialzoutbreakzofzfoodzpoisoningziszreporte
d,zanzepidemiologistzsendszsurveysztozallzpeoplezatzriskztozinvestigatezthezcause.zHowever,zonl
yz900zpeoplezamongzthosezatzriskzanswerzthezsurvey.zAfterzanalysiszofz900zsurveyzresults,zthe
zepidemiologistzconcludeszthatzthezmostzsuspectedzfoodszinzthezoutbreakzarezpepperonizpizzaz
andzmeatballzspaghetti.zWhatziszthezmostzsuspectedzfoodzforzfoodzpoisoningzafterzcross-
tabulation?zUsezthezfollowingztableztozanswerzthezquestion.zSummaryzofzSurveyzResponses
Numberzofzpeoplezwho Numberzofzpeoplezwhozatezthe
Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
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