Normal hematocrit levels - ANSWER- Male: 45%-52%
Female: 36-48%
Iron Deficiency Anemia - ANSWER- - Most common form of anemia
- Low iron levels
- Causes: poor intake, absorption problem, blood loss
- tx: diet, supplementation
, White face (pale)
Inflammation of tongue
Reduced Hgb Lvls
Observe changes in RBC
Nail changes (spoon shaped)
Iron supplementation education - ANSWER- - take on an empty stomach 1 hr
before meals
- take with vitamin C (OJ)
- Stool will be dark black
- Side effect: constipation
- If liquid: mix with a drink and drink with a straw
Thalassemia - ANSWER- -Inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin,
usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background.
- Fragile, hypochromic, microcytic RBCs
Thalassemia symptoms - ANSWER- - fatigue, weakness, pale or yellowish skin
- facial bone deformities, slow growth
- abd swelling, dark urine
Thalassemia treatment - ANSWER- Blood transfusions
Iron Chelation therapy—for iron overload
Splenectomy may be required
Moderate cases survive into their 30s
Sickle Cell Anemia - ANSWER- -a genetic disorder that causes abnormal
hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle
shape
- RBC have decreased life span (~20 days)
Factors that can lead to sickle cell crisis - ANSWER- "SICKLE"
Significant blood loss
Illness
Climbing or flying to high altitudes
Keeping continued stress
Low fluid intake (dehydration)
Elevated temperature (fever, exercise)
Sickle cell nursing interventions - ANSWER- Promote rest, administer fluids,
administer analgesics and meds, monitor I/Os, administer oxygen
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