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Pediatric nephrology - CM Exam Questions And Answers
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Pediatric nephrology - CM Exam Questions And AnswersUrine output
Requirements for normal kidney function does not = ____ ___
Nephrons, perfusion, nephrotoxins, drainage
Requirements for normal kidney function: Adequate number of functional ____, adequate ____,
no exposure to _____, unobstructed w/ functional ____
Nephron
Functional unit of the kidney?
Amniotic fluid, placenta, homeostasis
Prenatal kidney function produces ____ ___ at a GFR of ~10mL/kg/hr - the _____ and the
moms kidney regulate fetal chemical ____
Oligohydraminos, underdevelop, deformities, potter, low-set, downward, Potter syndrome
When there is a reduce of fetal urine excretion you have ______, causing lungs to ______, limb
_____, and a ____ facies w/ ___-__ ears, beaked nose, epicanthic folds, ____ slanting eyes -
this is all known as?
Muscle mass
Creatinine is effected by ___ ___, and dehydration making it an unreliable marker to evaluate
GFR
Inflammation, steroids, thyroid disease, malignancy
Cystatin C can be used to evaluate GFR but is impacted by what 4 things?
Creatinine, cystatin C
Most accurate estimate equation for GFR use what 2 factors?
34wk, GFR
Glomerulogenesis is complete by ___ gestation and the ___ will increase after this complete and
double w/in first week of life
40d, nephrons
Pre-term infants can make glomeruli for ____ post delivery but it is less efficient due to less ____
, Mom, 72hr
Newborn creatinine is reflective of _____ creatinine for first ___ of life
Lower, lower, higher, higher (dec excretion)
Newborns compared to an adult absorb differently in the PCT:
Glucose ____ than adult
Bicarb ____
Phosphorus ____
Potassium ____
Urate crystals, blood
Newborns have high levels of uric acid when born this can present w/ presence of ____ ____
that can show like ____ w/in the diaper - just want to reassure
Dipstick, microscopic UA for blood/RBC, repeat analysis
If pt comes in w/ discolored urine, first step in eval is?(2) - the persistence of these results is
confirmed through?
Hematuria
Pt w/ positive dipstick + RBC in UA means pt has?
Hemoglobinuria, myoglobinuria
Pt w/ pos dipstick but no/few RBC on UA means what 2 possible dx?
Pseudohematuria (disease/drugs/eyes)
In pt w/ a pos/neg dipstick w/ neg RBC on UA means what possible dx?
Constipation, hypercalcuria (due to high salt intake)
Most common cause of pt to have hematuria is? 2nd common cause?
Persistent microscopic hematuria (>2+), >100 RBC (per HPF) hematuria, gross hematuria, HTN,
proteinuria
5 reasons in need for additional workup in pt w/ hematuria?
Refer to urology, urine microscopy (dont sent to basic lab because it wont be accurate)
In evaluation of pt in glomerular dysfunction vs non-glomerular, 1st step is to? Here they will
obtain what diagnostic?
Urethral, kidney/bladder
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