CPCE Examination: Fundamentals of
Counseling |Questions with 100%
correctly Answers | Exam Passed 100%
Define antisocial personality disorder - ✔✔Cluster B Personality Disorders: A history of chronic
irresponsible and antisocial behavior, beginning in childhood or adolescence. Violations of others' rights
and occupational failure over several years. Early lying/stealing can lead to acting out sexual behavior,
drinking, drugs, and later failure at work and home and adult violations of social norms.
Define borderline personality disorder - ✔✔Cluster B Personality Disorders: Instability in
relationships, mood, and self-image. Unpredictable and impulsive acting-out, which can be self-
destructive. Strong mood shifts from normal state to rage. Chronic fear of being alone, dread of feeling
emptiness. May have short-lived paranoid or dissociative symptoms.
Define histrionic personality disorder - ✔✔Cluster B Personality Disorders: Excessive emotionality and
attention seeking. Constant seeking of reassurance, approval, or praise. Overly dramatic and intense
behavior.
Define narcissistic personality disorder - ✔✔Cluster B Personality Disorders: Grandiose sense of
self-importance, fantasies of unlimited success, chronic exhibitionism, difficulty dealing with criticism,
indifference to others. Relationship difficulties- feeling entitled, taking advantage of/exploiting others,
polarizing others by idealizing or devaluing.
Define substance-related disorders - ✔✔May be caused by abusing a drug, by medication
side-effects, or by exposure to a toxin
Define substance intoxication or withdrawal - ✔✔The behavioral, psychological, and
physiological symptoms due to effects of the substance. It will vary depending on type of substance.
,List substance related disorder classes - ✔✔Caffeine, hallucinogens, alcohol, cannabis,
stimulants, tobacco, inhalants, opiods, others, and sedatives, hypnotics and anxiolytics. The severity
of the particular substance use disorder can be determined by the presence of the number of
symptoms.
List substance related symptoms - ✔✔Delirium, demetia, psychosis, mood disorders,
anxiety disorders, sexual dysfunction, or sleep dysfunction
Discuss treatment for substance disorders - ✔✔Treatment should first focus on the substance.
Treatment options include outpatient or inpatient; residential or day care; group, individual, and/or
family counseling; methadone maintenance (for opiates); detoxification; self-help groups; or a
combination of therapies and medication
Discuss other substance-related and addictive disorders that are newly added - ✔✔Gambling
disorder, as evidence shows that the behaviors of gambling trigger similar reward systems as drugs
List feeding and eating disorders - ✔✔Pica, rumination disorder, anorexia
nervosa, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating
disorder
Define anorexia nervosa - ✔✔Criteria A: Extreme restriction of food, lower than
requirements, leading to low body weight.
Criteria B: An irrational fear of gaining weight or behaviors that prevent weight gain, though at low
weight.
Criteria C: Distorted body image or a lack of acknowledgement of gravit of current weight
Define bulimia nervosa - ✔✔Criteria A: Cyclical periods of binge eating.
1. Discretely consuming an amount of food that is larger than most individuals would eat in the same
time period and situation
2. The client feels a lack of control over the eating
Criteria B: Characterized by binge eating followed by purging via self-induced
vomiting/laxatives/fasting/vigorous exercise in order to prevent weight gain.
Criteria C: At least one binge eating episode per week for three months
Criteria D: It is marked by a persistent over-concern with body shape and weight
,Criteria E: The eating and compensatory behaviors do not only occur during periods of anorexia nervosa
Define intellectual disabilities - ✔✔Neurodevelopmental disorders that include a cognitive capacity
deficit and an adaptive functioning deficit. The onset of an intellectual disability must be during the
developmental years. The severity of the disability ranges are mile, moderate, severe, and profound.
The severity is determined by the client's adaptive functioning level, rather that the client's cognitive
capacity. The DSM-5 began referring to intellectual disability rather than mental retardation to align
more closely with other medical, educational, and advocacy groups.
Define communication disorders - ✔✔Neurodevelopmental disorders with subcategories
including language disorder, speech sound disorder, childhood-onset fluency disorder (stuttering),
and social communications disorder
Define autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - ✔✔Has two components in its diagnosis; delays or abnormal
functioning in social interaction/language for social communication and restricted behaviors, interests,
and activities. Both of these pieces will be present in the ASD diagnosis. Severity levels are:
Level 1 (requires support)
Level 2 (requiring substantial support)
Level 3 (requiring very substantial support)
Of note, ASD now encompasses four disorders that were previously separate under DSM-IV autistic
disorder: Asperger's disorder, childhood integrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder.
Define mood related disorders - ✔✔Bipolar and related disorders and depressive disorders are
called mood disorders. The mood disorders are the most common psychological illnesses and are
increasing worldwide in both the adult and child populations
Discuss treatment for bipolar/depressive and related disorders - ✔✔Antidepressants for major
depressive disorder and dysthymia. Anti-psychotics if accompanied by psychotic features. Mood
stabilizers if bipolar 1, 2, or cyclothymia. Consistent administration and monitoring for effectiveness and
side effects required
Interpersonal/psychodynamic therapy
Behavioral therapy
Cognitive therapy
Group psychotherapy
, Self-help groups
Define ADHD - ✔✔Characterized by two symptom domains, inattentiveness and or/hyperactivity and
impulsivity. Requires symptoms persisting for at least six months, and symptoms not motivated by
anger or wish to displease or spite others.
Define inattentiveness symptoms - ✔✔Forgetful in everyday activities, easily distracted (often),
makes careless mistakes and doesn't give attention to detail, difficulty focusing attention, does not
appear to listen, even when directly spoken to, starts tasks but does not follow through, frequently
loses essential items, finds organizing difficult, avoids activities that require prolonged mental exertion
Define impulsivity/hyperactivity symptoms - ✔✔Frequently gets out of chair, runs/climbs at
inappropriate times, frequently talks more than peers, often moves hands and feet, or shifts positions in
seat, frequently interrupts other, frequently has difficulty waiting on turn, frequently unable to enjoy
leisure activities silently, frequently "on the go" and seen by others as restless, often finishes other's
sentences
Define motor disorders - ✔✔A type of neurodevelopmental disorder and they can be classified as
developmental coordination disorders, stereotypic movement disorders, and tic disorders. Tic
disorders are further classifiedas Tourette's disorder, persistent motor or vocal tic disorder and
provisional tic disorder.
List disorders on the schitzophrenia spectrum - ✔✔Delusional disorder, brief psychotic
disorder, schizophreniform disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder,
substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder, psychotic disorder due to another medical
condition, catatonia
List the symptoms associated with schizophrenia disorders - ✔✔The client must have at least 2 of
the following symptoms:
hallucinations (known as a core positive symptom)
delusions (known as a core positive symptom)
disorganized speech (known as a core positive symptom)
severely disorganized and catatonic behavior
negative symptoms (such as avolition or diminished expression)
For a diagnosis the client must have at least one of the 3 core positive symptoms listed above
