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Advanced Pathophysiology EXAM 2024 AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS |ACCURATE ANSWERS| VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS |GRADED A |NEW VERSION WITH 100+ QUESTIONS$10.99
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Advanced Pathophysiology EXAM 2024 AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS |ACCURATE ANSWERS| VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS |GRADED A |NEW VERSION WITH 100+ QUESTIONS
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Course
Advanced pathophysiology
Institution
Advanced Pathophysiology
Endogenous opioids are a family of morphine-like neuropeptides that inhibit transmission of pain by acting on:
- ANSWER specific opiod receptors (mu [μ] kappa [κ], and delta [δ]).
Classifications of pain include
- ANSWER A: nociceptive pain (with a known physiologic cause)
B: nonnociceptive ...
Advanced Pathophysiology EXAM 2024
AND PRACTICE QUESTIONS |ACCURATE
ANSWERS| VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED
PASS |GRADED A |NEW VERSION WITH
100+ QUESTIONS
Endogenous opioids are a family of morphine-like neuropeptides that inhibit transmission of
pain by acting on:
- ANSWER specific opiod receptors (mu [μ] kappa [κ], and delta [δ]).
Classifications of pain include
- ANSWER A: nociceptive pain (with a known physiologic cause)
B: nonnociceptive pain (neuropathic pain)
Acute pain
- ANSWER signal to the person of a harmful stimulus
Chronic pain
- ANSWER Persistence of pain of unknown cause or unusual response to therapy.
Acute pain may be
- ANSWER (a) somatic (superficial)
(b) visceral (internal)
(c) referred (present in an area distant from its origin).
Somatic pain arises from
,- ANSWER connective tissue, muscle, bone, and skin and is sharp and localized.
Visceral pain is from
- ANSWER internal organs and is transmitted by sympathetic afferents and is poorly localized.
Referred pain usually arises from the viscera and terminates
- ANSWER in an area of the spinal cord that is conjoined with fibers originating in the skin and
other areas and thereby produces the perception of pain at the referred site.
that is conjoined with fibers originating in the skin and other areas and thereby produces -
ANSWER
the perception of pain at the referred site. - ANSWER
Physiologic responses to acute pain include
- ANSWER increased heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure; pallor or flushing; dilated
pupils; and diaphoresis. Blood glucose level is elevated; gastric secretion and motility are
decreased; and blood flow to the viscera and skin is decreased.
Chronic pain generally lasts
- ANSWER at least 3 months and may be persistent. for example, low back pain myofascial pain
syndromes, chronic postoperative pain, and chronic pain associated with cancer.
Neuropathic pain is usually
- ANSWER chronic. abnormal peripheral and central pain processing.
Types of neuropathic pain include
, - ANSWER results from nerve trauma or disease, and leads to deafferentation pain
sympathetically maintained pain, central poststroke pain, phantom limb pain and complex
regional pain syndrome.
Newborns and young children have the anatomic and functional ability to perceive pain. -
ANSWER
Repeated pain experienced by infants may have prolonged effects on:
- ANSWER brain neurodevelopment and motor and cognitive function.
Older individuals may or may not have an increased pain threshold. - ANSWER
In all age groups
- ANSWER women appear to be more sensitive to pain than are men.
Pain in older adults is influenced by
- ANSWER liver and renal function, including alterations in the metabolism of drugs and
metabolites.
- ANSWER
Temperature regulation (thermoregulation) is achieved through
- ANSWER precise balancing of heat production, heat conservation, and heat loss.
Body temperature is maintained around
- ANSWER 37°C (98.6°F).
Temperature regulation is mediated by the:
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