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NR 565 MIDTERM EXAM YEAR 2024/2025 / ACCURATE CURRENTLY TESTING EXAM VERSIONS WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS WITH A STUDY GUIDE / EXPERT VERIFIED FOR GURANTEED PASS / LATEST UPDATE.$24.49
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NR 565 MIDTERM EXAM YEAR 2024/2025 / ACCURATE CURRENTLY TESTING EXAM VERSIONS WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS WITH A STUDY GUIDE / EXPERT VERIFIED FOR GURANTEED PASS / LATEST UPDATE.
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Course
NR 565
Institution
NR 565
NR 565 MIDTERM EXAM YEAR 2024/2025 / ACCURATE
CURRENTLY TESTING EXAM VERSIONS WITH ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS WITH A STUDY
GUIDE / EXPERT VERIFIED FOR GURANTEED PASS /
LATEST UPDATE.
NR 565 MIDTERM EXAM YEAR 2024/2025 / ACCURATE
CURRENTLY TESTING EXAM VERSIONS WITH ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS WITH A STUDY
GUIDE / EXPERT VERIFIED FOR GURANTEED PASS /
LATEST UPDATE.
Beers Criteria - CORRECT ANSWER A list of medications that are generally considered
inappropriate when given to elderly people
impacts of polypharmacy - CORRECT ANSWER using 5 or more medications daily leads to
possible drug interactions.
Acute alcohol use
Valproate
Isoniazid
Grapefruit Juice
Sulfonamides
CYP450 inhibitors function - CORRECT ANSWER slow down the metabolic activity of specific
enzymes, causing a decrease in the rate/extent of metabolism of other drugs that are substrates
for those same enzymes this can cause drug toxicity.
,CYP450 inducers - CORRECT ANSWER barbituates, griseofulvin, carbamazepine, rifampin, st.
john wart, chronic alcoholism, phenytoin (CRAP GPS)
CYP450 inducers function - CORRECT ANSWER increase medication metabolism. act on the
liver to stimulate enzyme synthesis
If CYP450 is induced, what is the effect on medication metabolism? - CORRECT ANSWER
drug may not achieve therapeutic effects
When patients have a poor metabolism phenotype? - CORRECT ANSWER slows or increases
absorption ex; plavix clots and inc platelets pregnancy hepatic metabolism increases and dec
bowel motility increases absorption of the drug. newborns the drug metabolizing capacity is low,
children by the age of 1 are similar to adults but they can be metabolized quickly an increase or
reduction in dosing may be needed. geriatric rates of hepatic drug metabolism tend to decline
with age half life of drugs maybe increased and prolong responses.
What does the FDA regulate when it comes to medication? - CORRECT ANSWER what
pharmacies can sell, requires special alerts and management guidelines ensures pharmaceutical
companies test and ensure efficacy patient adherence to directions of use for efficacy and
patients need to know about potentially serious side effects and which medications are safe for
pregnant and breast feeding women to take.
Reasons for non-adherence - CORRECT ANSWER -unclear, misunderstood directions
-confusion over taking multiple medications
-undesired side effects of a drug
-lack of patient confidence in drug or prescriber
-economic reasons
,-discontinued use because patient feels better or worse
-absence of patient counseling on the importance/need for compliance
-patients frequently forget whether they have taken medication
Children: dont wanna take medication
geriatrics forget to refill unable to follow prescribed schedule.
black box warning - CORRECT ANSWER A type of warning that appears in a drug's
prescribing information and is required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to alert
prescribers of serious adverse events that have occurred with the given drug.
why are black box warnings issued? - CORRECT ANSWER The warning is designed to make
consumers and medical professionals aware of any adverse effects, side effects, or increased
health risks associated with the product.
Newborns drug absorption - CORRECT ANSWER the drug metabolizing capacity of newborns
is low as a results neonates are especially sensitive to drugs that are eliminated primarily by
hepatic metabolism dosages must be reduced. in Children by one year most pharmacokinetic
parameters are similar to adults but they have a faster drug metabolism rate so an increase or
reduction maybe needed
Common fears with genetic testing - CORRECT ANSWER Lack of education - many health
care providers do not possess the knowledge or comfort to interpret the testing
financial cost - many insurance plans do not cover this. cost can be from $100-2000.
discrimination from employers, insurance companies or providers. Genetic information
nondiscrimination act (GINA).
Three main principles to prescribing opioids - CORRECT ANSWER determining when to
initiate or continue opioids for chronic pain, opioid selection dosage duration follow up and
discontinuation, assessing risk and addressing harms of opioid use.
, Treating chronic pain without Opioids - CORRECT ANSWER Non opioid medications and
nonpharmacologic treatments are preferred methods for treating chronic pain. using
communication to facilitated patient centered approach.
Reducing the risks of opioid - CORRECT ANSWER routine drug tests
Determining whether to initiate opioids for chronic pain - CORRECT ANSWER establish
treatment goals determine how effectiveness will be evaluated outline a plan for discontinuation
risks and benefits should be considered and discussed strategies to improve patient safety use
morphine milligram equivalent calculation to inform dosage changes and reduce overdose risk.
use extra precautions when increasing to greater than or equal to 50 MME per day avoid or
carefully justify increasing dosage to greater than or equal to 90 MME/day.
PDMP (Prescription Drug Monitoring Program) - CORRECT ANSWER A program that
monitors controlled substances. help identify high risk patients and send proactive reports to
providers.
Examples of pure opioid agonists - CORRECT ANSWER agonist that binds to the receptor
producing a similar response produces euphoria analgesia sedation respiratory depression
physcial dependence morphine codeine
opioid agonist antagonist - CORRECT ANSWER produce analgesia when give with opioid
angonist these drugs can antagonize analgesia because of the pure agonist. ex: pentazocine,
nalbuphine, butorphanol, buprenorphine the compete for the receptors in the brain
Pure opioid antagonists - CORRECT ANSWER only a reversal agent for CNS depression
induced by opioids naloxone.
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