NURS 5334 Antimicrobial Principles Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 5334
Institution
NUR 5334
Antibiotic A chemical secreted by a living organism that kills or reduces the reproduction rate of other organisms
Antimicrobial Any agent of a natural or synthetic that can kill or suppress micro-organisms
Antimicrobial drugs classification by susceptible organism Narrow-spectrum antibiotics (pr...
NURS 5334 Antimicrobial Principles
Review Questions and Correct Answers
Antibiotic ✅A chemical secreted by a living organism that kills or reduces the
reproduction rate of other organisms
Antimicrobial ✅Any agent of a natural or synthetic that can kill or suppress micro-
organisms
Classified by mechanism of action ✅Drugs that work on cell wall synthesis
Drugs that increase cell membrane permeability
Drugs that cause lethal inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Drugs that cause non-lethal inhibition of protein synthesis
Drugs that inhibit bacterial synthesis of DNA and RNA, or disrupt DNA function
Anti-metabolites
Drugs that suppress viral replication
Drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis ✅Penicillins and cephalosporins
Weaken cell wall, hence promote bacterial lysis and death
Drugs that increase cell membrane permeability ✅Amphotericin B
Increase the permeability of cell membranes causing leakage of intracellular material
Drugs that cause lethal inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis ✅Aminoglycosides;
gentamicin
Drugs that cause non-lethal inhibition of protein synthesis ✅Tetracyclines
Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, and only slow microbial growth, but do not kill the
bacteria at clinically achievable concentrations
Drugs that inhibit bacterial synthesis of DNA and RNA, or disrupt DNA function
✅Rifampin, metronidazole, and fluoroquinolones
Binding directly to the nucleic acids or by interacting with enzymes required for nucleic
acid synthesis, and can also bind with DNA and disrupt its function
Anti-metabolites ✅Trimethoprim and sulfonamides
Disrupt specific biochemical reactions, and this result is either a decrease in the
synthesis of essential and constituents or a synthesis of nonfunctional analogs of
minimal metabolites
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