NURS 1141 Pharm Exam 1 Study
Questions and Correct Answers
Antacids ✅-neutralizes the acids in the stomach
DRUG: Milk of Magnesia
Indication: relieve discomfort of conditions such as heartburn in GERD or to help peptic
ulcers ,excessive eating and drinking.
Side effects: Chalky taste
Serious adverse effects: Diarrhea, constipation
Histamine 2 Receptor Antagonists ✅DRUG : Pepcid (no antiandrogenic effects )
uses: treat GERD, duodenal ulcers, and pathologic hypersecretory conditions, such as
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and for preventing gastric ulcers in critically ill patients.
Side effects: Dizziness, headache, somnolence (a state of drowsiness or strong desire
to fall asleep), Diarrhea, constipation, Confusion, disorientation, hallucinations,
Gynecomastia, Hepatotoxicity, Vitamin B12 deficiency
Proton Pump Inhibitors ✅DRUGS: Omeprazole (Prilosec), Pantoprazole (Protonix)
use: decrease the amount of acid produced by the stomach
indications: severe esophagitis, GERD, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and hypersecretory
disorders, such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
side effects: RISK OF FRACTURES, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, rash, and
gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea
adverse: c-diff, risk for fractures
Premedication assessment: Check pattern of bowel elimination; the PPIs may induce
diarrhea.
miscellaneous acid controlling drugs/coating agents ✅Sucralfate (Carafate)
-provides a protective covering over the ulcer crater.
Indication: management of GI ulcers, GI injury prevention from high dose aspirin and
NSAID treatment, used to treat duodenal ulcers
, side effects: constipation, dry mouth, Dizziness
- administer on empty stomach 1 hour before meals
Prokinetic Agents ✅DRUG: Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Used for nausea and vomiting as well as GERD and gastroparesis by accelerating
gastric emptying and blocks dopamine and serotonin receptor in CTZ, also given as an
antiemetic to patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.
Side effects: may develop extrapyramidal symptoms manifested by restlessness,
involuntary movements, facial grimacing, and possibly oculogyric crisis, torticollis, or
rhythmic tongue protrusion. may cause sudden, intense anxiety and restlessness,
followed by drowsiness
adverse effects: Drowsiness, fatigue, lethargy, dizziness, Nausea, Extrapyramidal
symptoms
-don't give to patients with history of epilepsy
laxatives ✅-psyllium (bulk-forming)
-docusate sodium, (stool softener)
-mineral oil (lubricant laxative)
-bisacodyl, (stimulant laxative)
-senna, (stimulant laxative)
-magnesium hydroxide, (saline)
-miralax (Osmotic laxative)
-Do not administer laxatives to patients with undiagnosed abdominal pain or
inflammation of the GI tract, such as gastritis, appendicitis, or colitis.
common effects: Abdominal spasms, abdominal discomfort with flatulence, nausea,
Abdominal tenderness, pain, bleeding, vomiting, diarrhea, increasing abdominal girth
antidiarrheals ✅-Pepto Bismol (absorbent)
- diphenoxylate with atropine: lomotil (Opioids)
-lactinex (Probiotic)
-imodium A-D (Opiates)
effects:Abdominal distention, nausea, constipation, Stool and tongue discoloration
(grayish black)
serious adverse effects: Prolonged or worsened diarrhea
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors ✅Dorzolamide (Trusopt)
