Exam (elaborations)
THE POLICE LINE-UP CHAPTER 5 QUESTIONS
- Course
- Institution
THE POLICE LINE-UP CHAPTER 5 QUESTIONS
[Show more]
Content preview
THE POLICE LINE-UP CHAPTER 5 QUESTIONSPhoto line-ups vs. real line-ups - Answers -- Photo line-ups are easier to put together,
thus more common
- Problem: they are done using mug shots, so they are all "possibles"
(e.g. all mug shots are possible suspects)
What is the leading cause of wrongful convictions? - Answers -Eyewitness
misidentification testimony
- It has been linked to 75% of the DNA exoneration cases
DNA exoneration data is only the tip of the iceberg... (3) - Answers -1- DNA has been
destroyed, lost, or has deteriorated
2- Most of them involved sexual assault - DNA for other crimes (e.g. murder, robbery,
drive-by shooting) is rarely obtainable
3- Sexual assault victims not necessarily more reliable or accurate
What are the implications of placing too much trust in eyewitness identification
procedures? - Answers -- Eyewitness identification evidence is considered "direct"
evidence, rather than a circumstantial evidence
e.g. finger prints are not "direct" evidence, therefore do not have the powerful status that
eyewitness identification evidence has
What are eyewitness identification evidence safeguards? (5) - Answers -1- presence of
council during line-ups
2- making motions to suppress identification
3- witness cross-identification
4- use of psychological experts to testify on the factors impacting eyewitness memory
5- Instructions from judges and juries as to how they should evaluate eyewitness
memory reports
What is the most common identification test for eyewitnesses? - Answers -The line-up
(e.g. photo array or live line-up)
What is sometimes assumed by lawyers, police officers, judges, jurors, and public, with
eyewitness identification evidence? - Answers -That memories are accurate
, e.g. The assumption that when identification is made, it reflects their memory
Why is it an error to think that memories are accurate? - Answers -Memory is
reconstructive and subject to modification
What happened in R. v. Goran? - Answers -Two victims attacked at a convenience
store
- Both victims initially picked out a person other than Goran from the police line-up
- Judge placed a lot of weight on the first victim's certainty that Goran was his attacker
What is the problem with R. v. Goran? - Answers -Judge failed to instruct himself
properly about mistaking certainty for accuracy
Define line-up - Answers -A procedure in which a suspect is grouped with other
individuals (e.g. live or photo format), and shown to a witness with the goal of identifying
the perpetrator
What judgement strategy is used in sequential line-ups? - Answers -Absolute strategy
Define absolute strategy - Answers -The eyewitness must compare each individual in
the line-up to his or her "actual" memory of the perpetrator
- One chance to say "that's the person" (e.g. don't know how many people will be in the
line-up)
What is said to decrease mistaken identification? - Answers -The sequential line-up
e.g. by almost 50%
- Also said to be decrease in accurate identification in target-present line-ups
What line-up shows more promise? - Answers -The sequential line-up
- It produces fewer mistaken identities
- Produces consistent hit rates
What is recommended to minimize social influence by line-up administrators? - Answers
-A "double-blind" procedure
Define "double-blind" procedure - Answers -The police officer administrating the line-up
is:
- unaware of who the suspect is
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller GEEKA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
49160 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now