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CCI- ECHO Exam Questions and Answers
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CCI- ECHO Exam Questions and Answers
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CCI- ECHO Exam Questions andAnswers
does MS or AR occur first? - Answer -aortic regurg is first
Is MR or AS first? - Answer -MR
what does vagus nerve stimulation do? - Answer -decrease HR
the first heart sound involves which valves? - Answer -atrioventricular (mitral and
tricuspid)
HEART SOUND ORDER - Answer -1st: closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
2nd: closure of aortic and pulmonic valves
3rd: early diastolic ventricular inflow
4th: atrial contraction
Which is louder the first or second heart sound? - Answer -first heart sound
in patients with A-fib which heart sound would be missing? - Answer -fourth (atrial
contraction)
what causes the third heart sound? - Answer -Rapid, early diastolic flow into a stiff (non-
compliant) ventricle
S1= MV and TV (AV )
S2= Aov and PV (SV)
S3 = early distolic flow
S4=atrial contraction
blood cells move in the same direction with similar velocities... also called parabolic -
Answer -laminar flow
disturbed flow, blood cells move in different directions - Answer -turbulent
in laminar flow, where is the area of highest velocity? - Answer -the center
what is a pressure gradient? - Answer -driving pressure
, the longer the vessel the greater the - Answer -resistance
smaller the vessel the greater the - Answer -resistance
high hematocrit equals - Answer -decreased velocity
low hematocrit equals - Answer -increased velocity
higher viscosity = - Answer -lower velocity
lower viscosity= - Answer -higher velocity
what has the most impact on color doppler jet size? - Answer -TGC
in apical 5 chamber what color is normal LVOT flow? - Answer -blue
what would you do to prevent ghosting? - Answer -increase wall filter because the
flashes are low velocity
what is ghosting? - Answer -flashes of color by moving anatomic structures not blood
flow
P wave represents - Answer -atrial depolarization
QRS represents - Answer -ventricular depolarization (systole)
T wave - Answer -Ventricular diastole (repolarization)
EKG
1 small box = - Answer -0.04 seconds
EKG
1 big box= - Answer -0.2 seconds
EKG
5 big boxes - Answer -1 second
normal R-R interval - Answer -3 to 5 big boxes, 1 sec (60-100 beats/min)
QRS complex - Answer -less than 3 little boxes
PR interval - Answer -less than 1 big box
normal sinus rhythm R-R= - Answer -between 3 and 5 big boxes
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