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RHSC 420 – Final Questions & 100% Correct Answers- Latest Test | Graded A+ | Passed $13.49   Add to cart

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RHSC 420 – Final Questions & 100% Correct Answers- Latest Test | Graded A+ | Passed

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  • RHSC 420

What are the main functions of the vestibular system? -:- - provide us with our sense of balance and head position What are the peripheral vestibular organs? -:- - semicircular canals - otolith organs What is the function of the semicircular canals? -:- - respond to head movement (turning...

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  • September 6, 2024
  • 75
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • RHSC 420
  • RHSC 420
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2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!



RHSC 420 – Final Questions & 100% Correct
Answers- Latest Test | Graded A+ | Passed
What are the main functions of the vestibular system?


✓ -:- - provide us with our sense of balance and head position




What are the peripheral vestibular organs?


✓ -:- - semicircular canals

- otolith organs




What is the function of the semicircular canals?


✓ -:- - respond to head movement (turning) by detecting angular acceleration




Describe the structure of the semicircular ducts.


✓ -:- - each has swelling on end (ampulla)

- inside ampulla is a gelatinous mass (cupula)


- cupula sits on top of hair cells


- kinocilium and stereocilia protrude out of hair cells in cupula




Name the three perpendicular semicircular ducts.


1|Page | Grade A+| 2024/2025

,2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!

✓ -:- 1) superior

2) lateral


3) posterior




Describe how kinocilium and stereocilia work together to general a membrane potential.


✓ -:- - get bend by movement of cupula during angular acceleration

- bending causes change in membrane potential of hair cells, which synapse on primary

vestibular neurons


- mechanosensitive ion channels in stereocilia (movement of stereocilia cause change in

Vm)




Describe the movement of stereocilia in relation to the kinocilum to result in depolarization

or hyperpolarization.


✓ -:- 1) depolarization - stereocilia move towards kinocilium

2) hyperpolarization - stereocilia move away from kinocilium


3) resting - no movement of stereocilia




What are the two otolith organs?


✓ -:- 1) utricle - horizontal with respect to head

2) saccule - vertical with respect to head

2|Page | Grade A+| 2024/2025

,2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!




What are the main functions of the otolith organs?


✓ -:- - respond to head position and linear acceleration




Describe the otolith organs.


✓ -:- - contain hair cells

- otolithic membrane (contains CaCO3) sits on top of hair cells


- suspended in macula




Describe how head position information is transmitted.


✓ -:- - when head position changes, membrane bends top of the hair cells

- same as in cupula with kinocilium and stereocilia




Describe the central connections of the vestibular system.


✓ -:- primary vestibular neurons (bipolar neurons) have dendrites innervating hair

cells, CB in vestibular ganglion axon going to CNS (form vestibular nerve)

- vestibular nerve joins to cochlear division => vestibulocochlear nerve


- vestibulocochlear nerve enters brainstem at pontomedullary sulcus; synapse in vestibular

nuclear complex



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, 2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!

- some axons bypass vestibular nuclear complex and go straight to CE via inferior cerebellar

peduncles




What are the nuclei of the vestibular nuclear complex (VNC)?


✓ -:- 1) interior vestibular nucleus

2) lateral vestibular nucleus


3) superior vestibular nucleus


4) medial vestibular nucleus




What are the inputs to the VNC?


✓ -:- 1) primary vestibular neurons

2) projections from flocculonodular lobe of cerebellum


3) projections from spinal cord carrying info about posture and body orientation; these

arrive directly as spinovestibular fibres traveling with posterior spinocerebellar tract, or

indirectly via CE or RF


4) projections from contralateral vestibular nuclei




Where do the outputs from the VPN?




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