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Summary Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review 2024

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Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review 2024

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  • September 6, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Summary
  • Ultimate AP Environmental S
  • Ultimate AP Environmental S
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Ellah1
Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review
2024
sustainable society - one that preserves natural capital and lives off its income



doubling time - 70/percentage growth rate



gross domestic product - the annual market value of all goods and services
produced by all firms and domestic, operating within a country (the most
commonly used measure of the economic growth of a country)



developed countries - high life expectancy, food production

low infant mortality, pollution, poverty



developing countries - low life expectancy, good production

high infant mortality, pollution, poverty



sustainable yield - highest rate at which a renewable resource can be used
indefinitely without reducing its available supply



environmental degradation - process where we exceed a renewable resource's
natural replacement rate and the available supply begins to shrink

,Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review
2024

economically depleted - when costs of extracting and using resources exceeds its
economic value



point source pollution - when pollutants are single, identifiable sources



nonpoint source pollution - dispersed and often difficult to identify



planetary management - most important and dominant species (humans) can and
should manage for own benefit



environmental wisdom/stewardship - nature doesn't exist just for us



age of earth - 4.6 billion years ago



John Muir - founded the Sierra club, also proposed and lobbied for the creation of
a national park system



Theodore Roosevelt - established first federal wildlife refuge

,Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review
2024

Franklin Roosevelt - lead the country out of depression while restarting past
environmental degradation (CCC)



Rachel Carson - wrote Silent Spring about the hazards of pesticides like DDT



Nixon - established the Environmental Protection Agency and the Endangered
Species Act



Carter - established Superfunds



positive feedback vs negative feedback - positive is change in same direction while
negative causes the system to change direction



time delay - allows a problem to build slowly until it reaches a threshold level and
causes a fundamental shift in the behavior of a system



synergy - two or more processes interaction so their combined effect is greater
than their separate effects

, Ultimate AP Environmental Science Review
2024

energy - capacity to do work and transfer heat



kinetic energy - due to mass and velocity



potential energy - stored and potentially available for use



ionizing radiation - has enough energy to knock electrons from atoms and change
them to positively charged ions



nonionizing radiation - do not contain enough energy to form ions



first law of thermodynamics - energy is neither created nor destroyed, only
changes form



second law of thermodynamics - in every transformation, some energy is
converted to heat, you cant break even in terms of quality (entropy increases)



three zones of the earth - core, mantle, crust

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