AEA Study Guide
___________ is defined as the maximum force that can be exerted by a muscle or a muscle group
against a resistance - correct answer ✔✔Muscular Strength
What type of stretching activates the muscle spindles, specialized receptors in the muscle that monitor
muscle length change and the speed of muscle length change? - correct answer ✔✔Ballistic Stretching
Name the six skill-related components of fitness - correct answer ✔✔Balance, coordination speed,
power, agility, and reaction time
What is the difference between maximal heart rate and heart rate reserve - correct answer ✔✔Maximal
HR is the highest HR a person can achieve. It is measured with a max HR test or estimated with 220
minus your age. Heart rate reserve is your miximal HR minus (-) your resting HR
How does compression lower your heart rate in the water? - correct answer ✔✔The water compresses
all body systems, included the vascular system, causing a smaller venous load on the heart, reducing
heart rate
What is the ACSM's (2018) recommended frequency for resistance training? - correct answer ✔✔two to
three days per week for each major muscle group
Define body composition - correct answer ✔✔The body's relative pertentage of fat as compared to lean
tissue (bone, muscles, and organs).
List five benefits of regular exercise - correct answer ✔✔- Improves physical appearance
- Increases functional capactiy
-Heart beccomes stronger
- Strengthens the walls of the blood vessels
-Improves strength and endurance
-Improves the efficiency of the nervous, lymph, and endocrine system
,- Improves psychological function
When calculating exercise intensity, a popular method is the Karvonen Formula, which is known as the
_____________ - correct answer ✔✔Heart Rate Reserve Method
_________ is a subjective method of assessing effort, strain, discomfort, and fatigue experienced during
exercise - correct answer ✔✔Rating of Preceirved Exertion
The skeletal system provides our bodies with support, protection, and ____________ - correct answer
✔✔Structure
during the cardiac cycle, ____________ is the active contraction of the heart muscle and __________ is
the relaxation of the heart muscle. - correct answer ✔✔-Systole
-Diastole
Which characteristic of muscle allows it to shorten and thicken? - correct answer ✔✔Contractibility
The ___________ muscle group flexes the leg at the knee - correct answer ✔✔Hamstring
What is a motor neuron? - correct answer ✔✔Efferent neurons (nerve cells) that relay outgoing
information from the central nervous system to the muscle cells
Describe the Valsalva maneuver - correct answer ✔✔Holding one's breath while exerting, such as during
exercise, creates unequal pressure in the chest, causing blood pressure to drop and decreasing blodo
flow to the heart. Resuming normal breathign creates a surge in blood to the heart, causing a sharp
increase in blood pressure
Name the five systems of the body most actively involved in movement and exercise - correct answer
✔✔Skeletal, muscular, nervous, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems
In a muscle pair, the muscle that is actively contracting is referred to as the ____________, or prime
mover - correct answer ✔✔Agonist
, List the three type of muscle tissues in the human body - correct answer ✔✔Visceral, Cardiac, and
Skeletal
The process by which bones grow in the body is called ______________ - correct answer ✔✔Ossification
__________ states that you train only that part of the system or body that is overwhelmed - correct
answer ✔✔Specificity
Muscle balance should be considered for the front and back, left and right sides, and __________ parts
of the body - correct answer ✔✔Upper and Lower
Which metabolic system yields the highest amount of ATP for the working muscle? - correct answer
✔✔Oxidative system
Recovery pertains to two segments of training: recovery __________ exercise and recovery __________
an exercise session. - correct answer ✔✔-During
-After
List five physical and psychological symptoms that commonly accompany overtraining? - correct answer
✔✔Reduction in preformance and coordination, elevated resting HR and BP, loss of appetitie, soreness,
increased illness or infection, as well as issues with sleep, depression, and a reduced self-esteem
which type of muscle tissue is best suited for endurance activities? - correct answer ✔✔Slow twitch
Concentric and eccentric muscle actions are part of a(n) _________ muscle contraction - correct answer
✔✔Isotonic
When initiating exercise, the time of inadequate oxygen supply is called __________ - correct answer
✔✔Oxygen Deficit