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Campbell Biology Chapter 31 exam with complete solutions.
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Campbell Biology Chapter 31 exam with complete solutions.
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Campbell Biology Chapter 31 exam withcomplete solutions
Fungi are - ANSWER- Heterotrophs that feed by absorption
How many species of fungi have been described - ANSWER- about 100,000
species of fungi have been described
How many species of fungi are estimated to exist - ANSWER- 1.5 million species
of fungi
Fungi share which key traits - ANSWER- the way in which they derive nutrition
Fungi use enzymes to - ANSWER- break down a large variety of complex
molecules into smaller organic compounds
The versatility of these enzymes contributes to - ANSWER- fungi's ecological
success
Fungi exhibit diverse lifestyles, name them - ANSWER- -Decomposers
-Parasites
-Mutualists
The most common Body Structure - ANSWER- multicellular filaments and single
cells (yeasts)
-Some species grow as either filaments or yeasts; others grow as both
(dimorphic fungi)
Yeast is - ANSWER- term for a unicellular fungus
The morphology of multicellular fungi enhances - ANSWER- their ability to absorb
nutrients
, Fungi consist of - ANSWER- mycelia (mass of hyphae), networks of branched
hyphae (hypha - singular) adapted for absorption
Fungal cell walls contain - ANSWER- chitin
Most fungi have hyphae divided into cells by - ANSWER- septa, with pores
allowing cell-to-cell movement of organelles
Coenocytic fungi lack - ANSWER- septa and have a continuous cytoplasmic mass
with hundreds or thousands of nuclei
Some unique fungi (Mycorrhizal Fungi) have specialized hyphae called -
ANSWER- haustoria that allow them to penetrate the tissues of their host
Mycorrhizae are - ANSWER- -mutually beneficial relationships between fungi and
plant roots
-deliver phosphate ions and minerals to plants
-Most vascular plants have mycorrhizae
-colonize soils by the dispersal of haploid cells called spores
Ectomycorrhizal fungi - ANSWER- form sheaths of hyphae over a root and also
grow into the extracellular spaces of the root cortex
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi - ANSWER- extend hyphae through the cell walls of
root cells and into tubes formed by invagination of the root cell membrane
Fungi propagate themselves by - ANSWER- producing vast numbers of spores,
either sexually or asexually (or both)
Fungal nuclei are normally - ANSWER- haploid, with the exception of transient
diploid stages formed during the sexual life cycles
Sexual reproduction requires the fusion of - ANSWER- hyphae from different
mating types
Fungi use sexual signaling molecules called - ANSWER- pheromones to
communicate their mating type
Plasmogamy is - ANSWER- the union of cytoplasm from two parent mycelia
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