Nursing 172: Substance Use and Addictive Disorders
Questions With Complete Solutions
___ the three most common defense mechanisms used-their use
must be confronted so accountability for the client's own
behavior can be developed. Correct Answers Denial,
rationalization & projection
A blackout Correct Answers a phenomenon caused by the
intake of alcohol in which long term memory creation is
impaired. blackouts are classified by the inability to later recall
any memories from the intoxicated period, even when prompted.
These blackouts are characterized also by the ability to easily
recall things that have occurred within the last 2 minutes, yet
inability to recall anything prior to this period.
A nurse is monitoring a client for signs of delirium tremens
(alcohol withdrawal delirium). Which assessment data is
diagnostic of this condition?
a. Slurred speech, lethargy, and confusion.
b. Depression, hypotension, and nausea.
c. Dizziness, vomiting, and unsteady gait.
d. Tachycardia, hallucinations, and seizures. Correct Answers
d. Tachycardia, hallucinations, and seizures.
alcohol medications other than for withdrawals Correct
Answers -disulfiram: 500mg/ day for 1-2 weeks; then 250mg/
day (teach pt to read labels and avoid alcohol)
,-Naltrexone: 50 mg/ day for up to 12 for alcohol cravings (pt
may not respond to narcotics; may cause headache, restlessness,
or irritability)
-Acamprosate: 666mg 3 times daily to suppress alcohol cravings
( monitor for diarrhea, vomiting, flatulence, and pruritis)
Thiamine B: 100mg/day to help prevent Wernicke-Korsakoff
syndrome in alcoholism ( teach pt about proper nutrition)
Folic acid (1-2 mg daily) (urine may be dark yellow) and
cyanocobalamin (25-250 ug/ day)
(for both, teach pt about proper nutrition)
alcohol overdose patient's are at risk of: Correct Answers -
aspiration pneumonia
-pulmonary obstruction
-alcohol-induced hypotension: can lead to cardiovascular shock
and death
alcohol overdose: symptoms Correct Answers - caused from
excessive alcohol intake in a short amount of time
can result in:
-vomiting
-unconsciousness
-respiratory depression
, vital signs, and global assessments for effectiveness; may cause
drowsiness and dizziness)
-lorazepam 2-4 mg q2-4 hrs prn withdrawlas
-chlordiazepoxide 50-100 mg for withdrawals repeat in 2-4
hours if needed; do not exceed 300 mg/day
-diazepam to suppress withdrawals
-accomplished with fixed schedule dosing (tapering) or
symptoms triggers dosing
Alcohol Withdrawal and detoxification Correct Answers -
typically begin 4-12 hours reduced alcohol intake, usually peaks
on the 2nd day and is over on about day 5; may take 1-2 weeks
-can be life threatening; detoxification should be medically
supervised
symptoms include:
-tremors
-sweating
-elevated pulse and BP
-insomnia
-nausea and vomiting
Alcohol: intoxication Correct Answers -*CNS depressant
-absorbs rapidly into the blood stream
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