nur 376 - pathophysiology exam 1 Questions With Complete
Solutions
define intermittent claudication. Correct Answers leg pain from
poor blood flow
define stable angina. Correct Answers chronic chest pain that
the patient has experience in the past and feels similar to past
episodes
define unstable angina. Correct Answers cardiac chest pain that
is occurring for the first time in a patient
describe aortic stenosis. Correct Answers where the aortic
valve is narrowed and blood flow is hindered from the LV to the
aorta resulting in insufficient blood flow to the coronary arteries
and left ventricle failure
describe endocarditis. Correct Answers noncontagious
infection of the cardiac endothelium that is usually caused by a
microbe
describe how hypertension is diagnosed. Correct Answers 12
ECG, urinalysis, complete blood count, blood glucose, serum
potassium, serum creatinine, serum calcium to rule out other
disorders that could cause high blood pressure
describe how hypertension is managed. Correct Answers diet,
stress reduction, physical activity, smoking cessation, diuretics,
renin inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, CCBs, or beta-
adrenergic blockers
, describe hypertonic IV solutions and their effect on fluid
movement. Correct Answers contains more solutes and less
water than the blood and body fluids; fluids shift from the ICF to
the ECF
describe hypotonic IV solutions and their effect on fluid
movement. Correct Answers contains less solutes and more
water than the blood and body fluids; fluids shift from the ECF
to the ICF
describe metabolic acidosis. Correct Answers pH < 7.35, PO2
is normal or slightly low, high K+, acidic urine, loss of HCO3-
describe metabolic alkalosis. Correct Answers pH > 7.45, PO2
is normal or slightly high, basic urine, low Ca
describe MI reperfusion injury Correct Answers where rapid
restoration of blood flow to the myocardium causes injury
because the ischemic tissue is less able to respond to normalized
levels of oxygen and nutrients; oxidized free radicals from
WBCs
describe mitral insufficiency. Correct Answers where the mitral
valve is unable to close properly and blood is regurgitated up
into the left atrium from the left ventricle; blood is backed up
into the pulmonary veins causing pulmonary edema and MI
ischemia
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