PMY 302 Introduction (Exam 1) Exam Study
Guide
Pharmacology - answerstudy of properties and reaction of drugs
pharmacokinetics - answermovement of drug throughout the body
absorption, distribution, biotransformation(metabolism) and excretion
pharmacodynamics - answerreceptor binding , signal t...
Pharmacology - answer✔✔study of all compounds that interact with the body
pharmacodynamics - answer✔✔what a drug does to the body. Includes the molecular
mechanisms by which a drug acts
pharmacokinetics - answer✔✔what the body does to a drug. Usually depends on the
concentration at the site of action
pharmacogenetics - answer✔✔responses to a drug as a consequence of genetic differences
between individuals
EC50 - answer✔✔Half maximal effective concentration. induces a response halfway between
the baseline and maximum after a specified exposure time. It is commonly used as a measure of
drug's potency.
LD 50 - answer✔✔amount of an ingested substance that kills 50 percent of a test sample
phase 1 of biotransformation - answer✔✔makes drug slightly less hydrophobic
phase 2 of biotransformation - answer✔✔makes drug very hydrophillic
drug - answer✔✔any agent that affects the living process, including chemicals that mimic or
antagonize endogenous
dose - answer✔✔amount of medication administered at single time (effects toxicity)
response - answer✔✔effect of a drug on the body, including both intended and unintended
effects
therapeutic response - answer✔✔the desired effect
adverse effect - answer✔✔side effects
toxic response - answer✔✔any harmful repsonse
idiosyncratic response - answer✔✔individual hypersensitivity; happens on first dose
Law of Mass Action - answer✔✔D + R <-- --> DR;
increasing the amount drug will cause greater amounts of drug receptor complexes to formed
the DR complex exerts the therapeutic response
saturability - answer✔✔a limited amount of receptors mediate the actions of a drug
reversbility - answer✔✔drugs bind to but then dissociate from their specific receptor
stereospecificity - answer✔✔most drugs are asymmetric (chiral or optically active); one
stereoisomers binds with much greater affinity to the specific receptor
Agonist - answer✔✔a drug that binds to a receptor and mimics the effect of the endogenous
ligand
DR produces the physiologic response
antagonist - answer✔✔a drug that binds to a receptor but does not produce an effect comparable
to the endogenous ligand
DR has no activity
affinity - answer✔✔characterizes the binding strength of the drug for receptor
intrinsic acitivty - answer✔✔ability of the DR complex to initate the response
agonist
TPR - answer✔✔total peripheral resistance
Autonomic Nervous function - answer✔✔
Blood brain barrier - answer✔✔impedes passage of drugs into the brain (drugs must be
hydrophobic to pass through)
how do agonists binding to receptors alter cellular processes and cha/nge cellular phenotype -
answer✔✔alter expression level of protein and the turnover number of the enzyme
Gs proteins - answer✔✔stimulate adenylyl cyclase and ca channel
Gi/o - answer✔✔inhibits adenylyl cyclase
absorption - answer✔✔movement of an administered drug across biological membranes into the
blood stream
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