Class notes
Biol 105 Mammalian Nervous System Notes
- Course
- Bio 105
- Institution
- Queens College
This is a comprehensive and detailed note on Chapter 45; the mammalian nervous system for Biol 105.
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Ch 45: The Mammalian Nervous System – Structure and Higher Function45.1 Functions are Localized in the Nervous System
Vertebrate nervous systems
o Central nervous system (CNS): brain and spinal cord
o Peripheral nervous system (PNS): nerves that connect the CNS to
all tissues and sensors of the body
o Enteric nervous system: in the gut
Neuron: a nerve cell
Nerve: bundle of axons in the PNS that carries information.
o In one nerve, some axons may be carrying information to the CNS
while others are carrying information from the CNS to the body’s
organs.
Peripheral nervous system:
o Afferent portion carries information from sensory receptor cells to the
CNS.
o Efferent portion carries information from the CNS to muscles and
glands.
o Both have conscious and unconscious divisions
, The CNS develops from the neural tube of an embryo.
The anterior part develops into the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain.
The rest becomes the spinal cord.
Information flow in the adult nervous system will follow paths that emerge
from the linear neural tube
Midbrain: develops structures that integrate information from the senses and
coordinate motor responses.
Hindbrain: becomes the medulla, pons, and cerebellum.
o Medulla and pons control physiological functions, such as breathing
Midbrain, medulla, and pons make up the brainstem.
o All information traveling between the spinal cord and higher brain
areas must pass through the brainstem.
The cerebellum coordinates muscle activity and maintains balance
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