What are the 4 Acute Febrile Transfusion Reactions?
Acute Hemolytic
Febrile Non-Hemolytic
Bacterial Contamination
TRALI (Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury) –ANSWER.
What is an Acute Hemolytic Transfusion reaction?
A reaction caused by type incompatible blood products primarily. This leads
to the destruction of the donor blood cells by the body and is extremely
dangerous to the patient leading to shock or death.-ANSWER.
What is Febrile Non-Hemolytic transfusion reaction?
A common transfusion reaction thought to be caused by HLA antibodies. All
other febrile possibilities must be ruled out to rule in Febrile Non Hemolytic
TR. –ANSWER.
What is Bacterial Contamination transfusion reaction?
A blood product which is contaminated by bacteria is transfused to the
patient. This can lead to fever, vomiting, and in extreme cases DIC. –
ANSWER.
What is Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury?
A rare acute febrile reaction associated with deposit of WBCs and anti-WBC
antibodies in the lung tissue. It can only be assumed after TACO, Sepsis,
Heart Failure, and Anaphylactic reactions have been ruled out. –ANSWER.
What are the 2 Delayed Febrile transfusion reactions?
,Delayed Hemolytic
TA-GVHD (Transfusion Associated Graft versus Host Disease)-
ANSWER.
What is a Delayed Hemolytic transfusion reaction?
A febrile reaction which occurs following transfusion of seemingly compatible
units to a patient. In the following days titers of antibodies can rise (Most
often Kidd antibodies) leading to delayed hemolysis. –ANSWER.
What is TA-GVGD?
Transfusion associated graft versus host disease is a condition which is
acquired when a patient receives blood with a similar WBC marker to their
own body. This allows the WBCs transfused to be ignored by the hosts
immune system. These WBCs recognize the body as foreign however and
begin to attack it.
We give out irradiated products to prevent this. Particularly in directed
donations from a family member. –ANSWER.
What are the 2 Acute Non-Febrile transfusion reactions?
Allergic/Anaphylactic TR
TACO (Transfusion associated circulatory overload)-
ANSWER.
What is an Allergic transfusion reaction?
A mild reaction which presents without fever however the patient may
experience wheezing, chest tightness, and hives.
Future transfusions are likely to be pre-medicated with anti-histamines.-
ANSWER.
,What is an Anaphylactic transfusion reaction?
A severe and life threatening reaction which presents without fever. The
patient may experience wheezing, nausea, chest pain, and shock.
Future reactions will be given with washed products to remove IgA
antibodies, these IgA antibodies are often the cause of Anaphylactic reactions.
–ANSWER.
What is Transfusion Associated Circulatory Overload?
TACO is an acute non-febrile transfusion reaction which is associated with
transfusing a blood product too fast. This can lead to hypertension, coughing,
chest pain, or in extreme cases congestive heart failure.-ANSWER.
What is the only Delayed Non-Febrile transfusion reaction?
PTP (Post Transfusion Purpura) –ANSWER.
What is Post Transfusion Purpura?
A delayed non febrile reaction associated with anti-platelet antibodies which
have formed in patient plasma. This can cause bleeding and bruising for 5-10
days following transfusion. –ANSWER.
What are the 4 basic components of a unit of whole blood?
Packed RBCs
Plasma
Platelets
Cryoprecipitate –ANSWER.
How are PRBCs stored?
1-6 Celsius for up to 42 days depending on the additive used. –ANSWER.
What is the normal volume of PRBCs?
250-300 mL per unit –ANSWER.
, What are the Anticoagulants used for blood products? What do they make the
shelf life?
CPD- 21 Days
ACD-A 21 Days
CPDA-1 35 Days –ANSWER.
What are the Additives used for blood products? What do they make the shelf
life?
AS-1 (Adsol)
AS-3 (Nutricel)
AS-5 (Optisol)
All additives extend shelf life to 42 days –ANSWER.
What blood product additive is used for neonatal transfusion? why?
AS-3 Nutricel
It is the only additive that does not contain mannitol which would harm the
newborn. –ANSWER.
How is Plasma stored? What are its 2 most common forms?
Plasma is stored at -18C for up to a year, and is thawed when needed.
FFP- Fresh Frozen Plasma is separated & frozen within 8 hours of collection.
This contains the most factors.
PF24- Plasma Frozen within 24 hours, as the name suggests it is frozen within
24 hours of collection. It contains slightly less factors than FFP. –ANSWER.
What is Cryoprecipitate? What do we use it for?
Cryoprecipitate is the concentrated factors: VIII, XIII, vWF, and Fibrinogen.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller nyagajoseph539. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $28.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
