Honors Biology Semester 1 Final Exam
Questions and Answers Already Passed
What is the name of the process that breaks down glucose in the cytoplasm to produce a small
amount of ATP and pyruvate?
✔✔ Glycolysis
What is the term for the process by which cells maintain a stable internal environment despite
external changes?
✔✔ Homeostasis
What is the name of the fluid-filled space within the chloroplast that is surrounded by the
thylakoid membrane?
✔✔ Stroma
What is the term for the cellular structure that contains digestive enzymes to break down waste
materials?
✔✔ Lysosome
1
,What is the name of the process in which cells engulf extracellular material to form a vesicle?
✔✔ Endocytosis
What is the term for the series of reactions in the chloroplast that converts light energy into
chemical energy?
✔✔ Light Reactions
What is the name of the structure in animal cells that organizes microtubules during cell
division?
✔✔ Centriole
What is the term for a region of the DNA molecule that codes for a specific protein?
✔✔ Coding Sequence
What is the name of the membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells where protein synthesis
occurs?
✔✔ Ribosome
2
,What is the term for the process by which a cell releases substances to the outside environment
using vesicles?
✔✔ Exocytosis
What is the name of the cellular organelle responsible for producing ATP, the energy currency of
the cell?
✔✔ Mitochondrion
What is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy stored in glucose?
✔✔ Photosynthesis
What is the name of the phase in the cell cycle where DNA is replicated?
✔✔ S Phase
What is the term for the basic unit of heredity that is located on a chromosome and determines
traits?
✔✔ Gene
3
, What is the name of the process where cells convert genetic information into proteins?
✔✔ Translation
What is the term for the type of cell division that results in four non-identical daughter cells, each
with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
✔✔ Meiosis
What is the name of the protein that helps regulate the cell cycle by acting as a checkpoint?
✔✔ Cyclin
What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area
of lower concentration without the use of energy?
✔✔ Diffusion
What is the name of the cell structure that regulates what enters and exits the cell?
✔✔ Plasma Membrane
4
Questions and Answers Already Passed
What is the name of the process that breaks down glucose in the cytoplasm to produce a small
amount of ATP and pyruvate?
✔✔ Glycolysis
What is the term for the process by which cells maintain a stable internal environment despite
external changes?
✔✔ Homeostasis
What is the name of the fluid-filled space within the chloroplast that is surrounded by the
thylakoid membrane?
✔✔ Stroma
What is the term for the cellular structure that contains digestive enzymes to break down waste
materials?
✔✔ Lysosome
1
,What is the name of the process in which cells engulf extracellular material to form a vesicle?
✔✔ Endocytosis
What is the term for the series of reactions in the chloroplast that converts light energy into
chemical energy?
✔✔ Light Reactions
What is the name of the structure in animal cells that organizes microtubules during cell
division?
✔✔ Centriole
What is the term for a region of the DNA molecule that codes for a specific protein?
✔✔ Coding Sequence
What is the name of the membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells where protein synthesis
occurs?
✔✔ Ribosome
2
,What is the term for the process by which a cell releases substances to the outside environment
using vesicles?
✔✔ Exocytosis
What is the name of the cellular organelle responsible for producing ATP, the energy currency of
the cell?
✔✔ Mitochondrion
What is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy stored in glucose?
✔✔ Photosynthesis
What is the name of the phase in the cell cycle where DNA is replicated?
✔✔ S Phase
What is the term for the basic unit of heredity that is located on a chromosome and determines
traits?
✔✔ Gene
3
, What is the name of the process where cells convert genetic information into proteins?
✔✔ Translation
What is the term for the type of cell division that results in four non-identical daughter cells, each
with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
✔✔ Meiosis
What is the name of the protein that helps regulate the cell cycle by acting as a checkpoint?
✔✔ Cyclin
What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area
of lower concentration without the use of energy?
✔✔ Diffusion
What is the name of the cell structure that regulates what enters and exits the cell?
✔✔ Plasma Membrane
4
