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Cat theory concepts Grade 12 Notes
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The dark side of computing (term 4)
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Computerappli
cat
ions
technol
ogy
Notes
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Blockchaini
sadecent
ral
ized,di
str
ibut
edl
edgertechnol
ogyt
hatr
ecor
dsandveri
fi
es
tr
ansactionsacr
ossmult
iplecomputer
sornodes.Here'
sasummari
zedexpl
anat
ionofi
ts
,def
ini
ti
on,
pros,
cons,
andexampl
es:
Def
ini
ti
on:
Blockchainisadigi
tall
edgerwheretr
ansact
ionsarerecordedinaser
iesofbl
ocks,whi
chare
l
inkedtogetherchronol
ogical
l
y,f
ormingachain.Eachblockcontai
nsacrypt
ographi
chashof
thepreviousbl
ock,ensuri
ngtheint
egri
tyandimmut abi
li
tyofthedat
a.
Pr
os:
1.TransparencyandSecur
ity
:Bl ockchainoff
erst
ransparencyasallpar
ti
cipantshaveaccessto
thesamei nformati
on,
promotingt r
ustandaccountabil
i
ty.Theuseofcryptographi
ctechniques
makesi tdi
ffi
cultf
orunaut
horizedpar t
iestotamperwit
ht hedata.
2.Decentr
ali
zat
ion:
Itoper
atesonadecentrali
zednetwork,r
educi
ngthedependencyonasi
ngl
e
author
it
y,andenabl
ingpeer
-to-
peert
ransacti
onswithoutint
ermedi
ari
es.
3.Effi
ci
encyandSpeed:Bl
ockchai
ncanstr
eamli
neprocessesbyremovingtheneedformanual
reconci
li
ati
onandi
ntermedi
ari
es,r
esul
ti
nginf
astert
ransacti
onsandreducedcosts.
4.Tr
aceabi
l
ity
:Ital
lowsfort
racki
ngandveri
fyi
ngt heori
ginandmov
ementofasset
s,maki
ngi
t
usef
uli
nsupplychainmanagementandprovenancetracki
ng.
Cons:
1.Scal
abil
i
ty:
Bl ockchainnet
wor ksmayf acechal
l
engesi
nhandl
i
nghi
ght
ransact
ionv
olumes,
l
eadingtopotenti
aldelaysorincreasedcosts.
2.Ener
gyConsumpti
on:Cert
ainblockchai
nnetwor
ks,
li
keBitcoi
n,canbeener
gy-
int
ensi
vedue
tothecomput
ati
onalpowerrequi
redformini
ngnewblocks.
3.Regulat
oryUncer
tai
nty
:Thelegal
andregulatoryf
rameworksurr
oundi
ngbl
ockchai
n
technol
ogyissti
l
levol
vi
ng,cr
eati
nguncert
aintyincert
ainj
uri
sdi
cti
ons.
4.Priv
acyConcerns:
Althoughbl
ockchainpr
ovidespr
ivacythr
oughpseudony
ms,
somewor
ry
thatcert
aini
nfor
mationcouldbeexposedorli
nkedtoindi
vi
dualsov
ertime.
Exampl
es:
1.Bi
tcoi
n:Thef
ir
standmostwel
l
-knownexampl
e,Bi
tcoi
nut
il
izesbl
ockchai
ntechnol
ogyast
he
,under
lyi
ngi
nfr
ast
ruct
uref
ori
tscr
ypt
ocur
rencyt
ransact
ions.
2.Et
hereum:Anopen-sourcebl
ockchai
nplat
for
mthatenabl
esdev
eloper
stobui
l
ddecent
ral
i
zed
appl
icat
ions(
dApps)usingsmartcontr
act
s.
3.SupplyChai
nManagement:
Blockchai
nisbei
ngusedinindust
ri
essuchasfoodand
pharmaceuti
cal
stot
rackandver
if
yt heaut
hent
ici
tyandqual
it
yofproduct
sthr
oughoutt
he
supplychai
n.
4.Voti
ngSy st
ems:Somecountri
esar
eexpl
ori
ngtheuseofblockchai
ntoenhancet
he
tr
ansparency,
secur
it
y,andi
ntegr
it
yofel
ect
oralpr
ocesses.
I
t'
simport
anttonotethatbl
ockchai
ntechnologyhasvar
iousimpl
ement
ati
onsandcanbeused
i
ndif
fer
entcontext
s,eachwithi
tsownadv antagesandl
imit
ati
ons.
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Def
ini
ti
on:
Anadd-onref
erstoasoftwareextensi
onorfeat
urethatenhancesthefunct
ionali
tyofan
exi
sti
ngappli
cati
onorprogram.Itprovi
desaddi
ti
onalcapabil
i
tiesorcust
omi zat
ionopti
onst
o
i
mproveuserexperi
enceandproduct i
vi
ty.
Pr
os:
1.EnhancedFunct
ional
i
ty:
Add-onsexpandthecapabil
i
tiesofexist
ingsof
twarebyaddi
ngnew
feat
ures,t
ools,
orf
uncti
onali
ti
es,
all
owinguserst
ot ai
l
ort hei
rexperi
enceaccor
dingt
othei
r
speci
ficneeds.
2.Cust
omizat
ion:Userscanper
sonal
izet
hei
rsoft
war
ebychoosi
ngandinst
alli
ngadd-
onst
hat
al
ignwit
hthei
rprefer
ences,maki
ngtheappl
i
cati
onmorev
ersat
il
eandadaptable.
3.I
ncreasedPr
oducti
vit
y:Add-
onscanautomaterepet
it
ivetasks,
simpl
if
ycompl
expr
ocesses,
orpr
ov i
deshor
tcut
s,resul
ti
ngini
mprovedeff
ici
encyandtimesav i
ngs.
4.Communit
ySupport
:Manyadd-onsaredev
elopedandmai
ntai
nedbyacommuni
tyofuser
s,
prov
idi
ngongoi
ngsuppor
t,updat
es,andbugfi
xes.
, Cons:
1.Compati
bil
i
tyIssues:Someadd-onsmaynotbecompat i
blewi
thal
lver
sionsorpl
atf
ormsof
thesof
twar
e,leadi
ngt opot
ent
ialconf
li
cts,
gli
tches,
orcr
ashes.
2.Securi
tyRisks:
Cer
tai
nadd-
onsmayposesecuri
tyvul
nerabil
i
tiesi
fnotpr
oper
lyv
ett
ed,
potent
ial
lycompromi
singt
heint
egr
it
yandpr
ivacyofuserdata.
3.Per
for
manceImpact
:Resour
ce-
int
ensi
veadd-onscanconsumesy
stem r
esour
ces,
slowi
ng
downtheov
eral
lper
for
manceofthesoft
ware.
4.DependenceonThi rdPar
ti
es:Rel
i
anceonthir
d-part
ydevel
opersf
orupdatesandsupportmay
i
ntroduceinconsi
stenci
esordi
sconti
nuat
ionofadd-ons,
impact
ingusabi
l
ityandlong-
ter
m
compat i
bil
i
ty.
Exampl
es:
1.BrowserExtensi
ons:Add-onsli
keadblocker
s,passwordmanagers,
orproduct
ivi
tytool
s,
enhancewebbr owsingexperi
encesbyextendi
ngthefuncti
onal
i
tyofpopul
arbrowsersli
ke
Chrome,Fir
efox,orSafar
i.
2.PhotoshopFilt
ers:
AdobePhotoshopal
l
owsuser stoinstal
lvar
iousadd-
onssuchasf
il
ter
s,
brushes,oract
ionstoenhancei
mageedit
ingcapabil
i
ties.
3.GamingMods:Gamemodsormodifi
cati
onsar
eadd-onsthatal
terorenhancegamepl
ay
exper
iencesbyi
ntr
oduci
ngnewf
eat
ures,char
act
ers,
maps,orgamemechani cs.
4.EmailPlugi
ns:
Add-
onsforemailcl
i
ent
slikeMi
crosof
tOutl
ookorGmail
off
eraddi
ti
onal
feat
uressuchasemai
ltr
acking,
taskmanagement
,oremail
templat
est
oimprovepr
oduct
ivi
ty
andeffi
ciency
.
Iti
simportantt
oconsi
dert
hecredibi
l
ity,
reli
abi
l
ity
,andcompat
ibi
li
tyofadd-
onsbefore
i
nstal
lati
ontoensuret
heymeetyourrequir
ementsanddonotcompromisethesecur
it
yor
stabi
l
ityofthesof
twar
e.
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Def
ini
ti
on:
Sy
nci
ng,
shor
tforsy
nchr
oni
zat
ion,
ref
erst
othepr
ocessofhar
moni
zi
ngoral
i
gni
ngdat
a
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